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Part 1. A Voyage To Lilliput – Chapter four (第四章)

探索《格列佛游记》第4章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细的雅思词汇和解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提高阅读技能。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)
🔊 Mildendo, the metropolis of Lilliput, described, together with the emperors palace. A conversation between the author and a principal secretary, concerning the affairs of that empire. The authors offers to serve the emperor in his wars.

描述了米尔登多--利立浦特的首都,以及皇帝的宫殿。作者与一位首席秘书关于该帝国事务的谈话。作者主动提出为皇帝效力于战争。

🔊
metropolis /mɪˈtrɒpəlɪs/
n. 大都市;首府
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emperor /ˈempərə/
n. 皇帝
🔊
principal /ˈprɪnsəpl/
adj. 主要的;首要的
🔊
concerning /kənˈsɜːnɪŋ/
prep. 关于
🔊
affairs /əˈfeəz/
n. 事务;事件
🔊
empire /ˈempaɪə/
n. 帝国

获得自由后,我的第一个请求是获准参观首都米尔登多;皇帝爽快地答应了,但特别嘱咐我不得伤害居民及其房屋。百姓通过公告得知我打算游览该城。环绕城市的城墙高两英尺半,宽至少十一英寸,因此马车可以安全地绕城行驶;每隔十英尺便有一座坚固的塔楼作为侧防。我从高大的西门跨过,非常轻柔地侧身穿过两条主要街道,只穿着短背心,生怕外套下摆损坏房屋的屋顶和屋檐。我万分小心地行走,避免踩到街上可能滞留的行人,尽管命令非常严格,要求所有人留在屋内,否则后果自负。阁楼的窗户和屋顶上挤满了围观者,我心想,在我所有的旅行中,从未见过如此人口稠密的地方。城市呈精确的正方形,每边城墙长五百英尺。两条主要街道交叉而过,将城市分成四个街区,每条宽五英尺。那些小巷和胡同我无法进入,只能路过时瞥见,它们宽度在十二到十八英寸之间。

🔊
inhabitants /ɪnˈhæbɪtənts/
n. 居民;居住者
🔊
proclamation /ˌprɒkləˈmeɪʃn/
n. 公告;声明
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encompassed /ɪnˈkʌmpəst/
v. 环绕;包围
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circumspection /ˌsɜːkəmˈspekʃn/
n. 谨慎;小心
🔊
populous /ˈpɒpjələs/
adj. 人口稠密的

该城可容纳五十万人口;房屋高三到五层;商铺和市场供应充足。

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capable /ˈkeɪpəbl/
adj. 有能力的;能容纳的
🔊
souls /səʊlz/
n. 灵魂;人(尤指居民)
🔊 The emperors palace is in the centre of the city where the two great streets meet. It is enclosed by a wall of two feet high, and twenty feet distance from the buildings. I had his majestys permission to step over this wall; and, the space being so wide between that and the palace, I could easily view it on every side. The outward court is a square of forty feet, and includes two other courts: in the inmost are the royal apartments, which I was very desirous to see, but found it extremely difficult; for the great gates, from one square into another, were but eighteen inches high, and seven inches wide. Now the buildings of the outer court were at least five feet high, and it was impossible for me to stride over them without infinite damage to the pile, though the walls were strongly built of hewn stone, and four inches thick. At the same time the emperor had a great desire that I should see the magnificence of his palace; but this I was not able to do till three days after, which I spent in cutting down with my knife some of the largest trees in the royal park, about a hundred yards distant from the city. Of these trees I made two stools, each about three feet high, and strong enough to bear my weight. The people having received notice a second time, I went again through the city to the palace with my two stools in my hands. When I came to the side of the outer court, I stood upon one stool, and took the other in my hand; this I lifted over the roof, and gently set it down on the space between the first and second court, which was eight feet wide. I then stept over the building very conveniently from one stool to the other, and drew up the first after me with a hooked stick. By this contrivance I got into the inmost court; and, lying down upon my side, I applied my face to the windows of the middle stories, which were left open on purpose, and discovered the most splendid apartments that can be imagined. There I saw the empress and the young princes, in their several lodgings, with their chief attendants about them. Her imperial majesty was pleased to smile very graciously upon me, and gave me out of the window her hand to kiss.

皇帝的宫殿位于城市中心两条大街交汇处。它被一道两英尺高的围墙环绕,距建筑物二十英尺远。我得到陛下许可跨过这道墙;由于墙与宫殿之间的空间很宽,我可以轻松地从四面观察它。外庭是一个四十英尺见方的院落,包含另外两个庭院;最内层是皇家寝宫,我非常渴望一睹,却发现极其困难;因为从一个庭院通往另一个庭院的大门只有十八英寸高、七英寸宽。而外庭的建筑至少五英尺高,我无法跨过去而不对建筑造成巨大破坏,尽管墙壁是用凿石砌成,有四英寸厚。同时皇帝非常希望我能见识他宫殿的壮丽;但我直到三天后才得以实现,这期间我用小刀砍伐了皇家公园里一些最大的树木,公园距城约一百码。我用这些树木做了两个凳子,每个约三英尺高,足够结实承受我的重量。百姓再次接到通知后,我手里拿着两个凳子再次穿过城市前往宫殿。到达外庭边缘时,我站在一个凳子上,拿起另一个凳子;我把它举过屋顶,轻轻放在第一和第二庭院之间的空地上,那块空地有八英尺宽。然后我十分便利地从一个凳子跨到另一个凳子上,再用一根钩子把第一个凳子拉上来。通过这种办法,我进入了最内层的庭院;然后侧身躺下,把脸凑到中间楼层的窗户前--那些窗户特意敞开着--看到了所能想象的最华丽的房间。在那里我看到了皇后和年轻的王子们,各自在他们的居所里,身边围绕着主要的侍从。皇后陛下很慈祥地对我微笑,并从窗户伸手让我亲吻。

🔊
majesty /ˈmædʒəsti/
n. 陛下;威严
🔊
outward /ˈaʊtwəd/
adj. 外部的;外面的
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inmost /ˈɪnməʊst/
adj. 最内部的;最深处的
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desirous /dɪˈzaɪərəs/
adj. 渴望的;想要的
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stride /straɪd/
v. 大步走;跨过
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infinite /ˈɪnfɪnət/
adj. 无限的;极大的
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hewn /hjuːn/
adj. 凿成的;砍成的
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magnificence /mæɡˈnɪfɪsns/
n. 壮丽;宏伟
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contrivance /kənˈtraɪvəns/
n. 巧妙设计;发明物
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splendid /ˈsplendɪd/
adj. 辉煌的;极好的
🔊
empress /ˈemprəs/
n. 女皇;皇后
🔊
lodgings /ˈlɒdʒɪŋz/
n. 住所;寓所
🔊
attendants /əˈtendənts/
n. 随从;侍者
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imperial /ɪmˈpɪəriəl/
adj. 皇帝的;帝国的
🔊
graciously /ˈɡreɪʃəsli/
adv. 和蔼地;优雅地

不过我不打算提前向读者做更多此类描述,因为我要把它们留待一部更宏大的著作,那本书现在几乎准备付印了;书中将全面描述这个帝国,从其建立之初,历经历代君主;特别记述他们的战争与政治、法律、学问和宗教;他们的植物和动物;他们特有的习俗和习惯,以及其他非常奇特有用的事情。我目前的主要目的仅仅是叙述我在那个帝国居住大约九个月期间发生的事件,无论是公共的还是与我个人相关的。

🔊
anticipate /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/
v. 预期;预料
🔊
press /pres/
n. 印刷机;出版社
🔊
erection /ɪˈrekʃn/
n. 建立;建造
🔊
series /ˈsɪəriːz/
n. 系列;连续
🔊
politics /ˈpɒlətɪks/
n. 政治;政治事务
🔊
religion /rɪˈlɪdʒən/
n. 宗教;信仰
🔊
peculiar /pɪˈkjuːliə/
adj. 独特的;特有的
🔊
customs /ˈkʌstəmz/
n. 风俗;海关
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transactions /trænˈzækʃnz/
n. 事务;交易
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residence /ˈrezɪdəns/
n. 居住;住所
🔊 One morning, about a fortnight after I had obtained my liberty, Reldresal, principal secretary (as they style him) for private affairs, came to my house attended only by one servant. He ordered his coach to wait at a distance, and desired I would give him an hours audience; which I readily consented to, on account of his quality and personal merits, as well as of the many good offices he had done me during my solicitations at court. I offered to lie down that he might the more conveniently reach my ear, but he chose rather to let me hold him in my hand during our conversation. He began with compliments on my liberty; said "he might pretend to some merit in it;" but, however, added, "that if it had not been for the present situation of things at court, perhaps I might not have obtained it so soon. For," said he, "as flourishing a condition as we may appear to be in to foreigners, we labour under two mighty evils: a violent faction at home, and the danger of an invasion, by a most potent enemy, from abroad. As to the first, you are to understand, that for about seventy moons past there have been two struggling parties in this empire, under the names of Tramecksan and Slamecksan, from the high and low heels of their shoes, by which they distinguish themselves. It is alleged, indeed, that the high heels are most agreeable to our ancient constitution; but, however this be, his majesty has determined to make use only of low heels in the administration of the government, and all offices in the gift of the crown, as you cannot but observe; and particularly that his majestys imperial heels are lower at least by a drurr than any of his court (drurr is a measure about the fourteenth part of an inch). The animosities between these two parties run so high, that they will neither eat, nor drink, nor talk with each other. We compute the Tramecksan, or high heels, to exceed us in number; but the power is wholly on our side. We apprehend his imperial highness, the heir to the crown, to have some tendency towards the high heels; at least we can plainly discover that one of his heels is higher than the other, which gives him a hobble in his gait. Now, in the midst of these intestine disquiets, we are threatened with an invasion from the island of Blefuscu, which is the other great empire of the universe, almost as large and powerful as this of his majesty.

我获得自由大约两周后的一天早晨,瑞尔德里沙--即他们所称的枢密事务首席秘书--只带一名仆从来到我的住处。他让马车在远处等候,希望我给他一小时的听众时间;我欣然同意,既因为他的身份和个人才能,也因为他在我于朝廷斡旋期间帮过我许多忙。我提议躺下以便他更近地与我交谈,但他宁愿让我在谈话中把他托在手里。他先就我的自由表示祝贺,说“他对此或许有些功劳”,但接着又补充道,“要不是朝廷目前的局势,我或许不会这么快获得自由。”他又说,“因为我们虽然在外国人看来似乎很兴旺,实则正遭受两大祸患:国内激烈的党派斗争,以及来自国外最强大敌人的入侵威胁。关于第一点,您要知道,大约七十个月以来,这个帝国内部有两派争斗,分别称为特拉迈克桑和斯拉迈克桑,因他们鞋跟的高低而得名,以此来区分彼此。的确,据说高跟更符合我们古老的传统;但无论如何,陛下已经决定在政府管理中只采用低跟,所有由王上赐予的官职也如此,这点您一定注意到了;尤其陛下的御跟比任何朝臣至少要低一个德鲁尔,该长度单位约为一英寸的十四分之一。这两派之间的敌意如此强烈,以至于他们互不共食共饮,也不交谈。我们估算特拉迈克桑,即高跟派,人数超过我们;但权力全在我们这边。我们担心皇储殿下有些倾向于高跟派;至少我们能清楚发现他的一只鞋跟比另一只高,这使他的步态有些蹒跚。就在这内部动荡之时,我们又面临来自不来夫斯古岛的入侵威胁,那是宇宙中另一个大帝国,几乎与陛下的帝国一样辽阔强大。

🔊
fortnight /ˈfɔːtnaɪt/
n. 两星期
🔊
audience /ˈɔːdiəns/
n. 接见;听众
🔊
readily /ˈredɪli/
adv. 乐意地;迅速地
🔊
consented /kənˈsentɪd/
v. 同意;允许
🔊
solicitations /səˌlɪsɪˈteɪʃnz/
n. 恳求;请求
🔊
compliments /ˈkɒmplɪmənts/
n. 赞扬;问候
🔊
merit /ˈmerɪt/
n. 优点;功绩
🔊
flourishing /ˈflʌrɪʃɪŋ/
adj. 繁荣的;茂盛的
🔊
labour /ˈleɪbə/
v. 努力;劳动
🔊
faction /ˈfækʃn/
n. 派系;小集团
🔊
invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒn/
n. 入侵;侵略
🔊
potent /ˈpəʊtnt/
adj. 强有力的;有效的
🔊
alleged /əˈledʒd/
adj. 声称的;所谓的
🔊
constitution /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃn/
n. 宪法;体质;构成
🔊
administration /ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn/
n. 管理;行政;政府
🔊
crown /kraʊn/
n. 王冠;王权
🔊
animosities /ˌænɪˈmɒsətiz/
n. 敌意;仇恨
🔊
compute /kəmˈpjuːt/
v. 计算;估计
🔊
exceed /ɪkˈsiːd/
v. 超过;超越
🔊
apprehend /ˌæprɪˈhend/
v. 担心;逮捕
🔊
heir /eə/
n. 继承人;后嗣
🔊
tendency /ˈtendənsi/
n. 趋势;倾向
🔊
hobble /ˈhɒbl/
n. 跛行;蹒跚
🔊
gait /ɡeɪt/
n. 步态;步伐
🔊
intestine /ɪnˈtestɪn/
adj. 内部的;国内的
🔊
disquiets /dɪsˈkwaɪəts/
n. 不安;动荡
🔊
universe /ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/
n. 宇宙;领域
🔊 For as to what we have heard you affirm, that there are other kingdoms and states in the world inhabited by human creatures as large as yourself, our philosophers are in much doubt, and would rather conjecture that you dropped from the moon, or one of the stars; because it is certain, that a hundred mortals of your bulk would in a short time destroy all the fruits and cattle of his majestys dominions: besides, our histories of six thousand moons make no mention of any other regions than the two great empires of Lilliput and Blefuscu. Which two mighty powers have, as I was going to tell you, been engaged in a most obstinate war for six-and-thirty moons past. It began upon the following occasion. It is allowed on all hands, that the primitive way of breaking eggs, before we eat them, was upon the larger end; but his present majestys grandfather, while he was a boy, going to eat an egg, and breaking it according to the ancient practice, happened to cut one of his fingers. Whereupon the emperor his father published an edict, commanding all his subjects, upon great penalties, to break the smaller end of their eggs. The people so highly resented this law, that our histories tell us, there have been six rebellions raised on that account; wherein one emperor lost his life, and another his crown. These civil commotions were constantly fomented by the monarchs of Blefuscu; and when they were quelled, the exiles always fled for refuge to that empire. It is computed that eleven thousand persons have at several times suffered death, rather than submit to break their eggs at the smaller end. Many hundred large volumes have been published upon this controversy: but the books of the Big-endians have been long forbidden, and the whole party rendered incapable by law of holding employments. During the course of these troubles, the emperors of Blefusca did frequently expostulate by their ambassadors, accusing us of making a schism in religion, by offending against a fundamental doctrine of our great prophet Lustrog, in the fifty-fourth chapter of the Blundecral (which is their Alcoran). This, however, is thought to be a mere strain upon the text; for the words are these: 'that all true believers break their eggs at the convenient end.' And which is the convenient end, seems, in my humble opinion to be left to every mans conscience, or at least in the power of the chief magistrate to determine.

至于我们听到您声称世界上还有其他王国和邦国,居住着和您一样高大的人类,我们的哲学家深表怀疑,更倾向于认为您是从月亮或某颗星星上掉下来的;因为可以肯定,一百个像您这样体型的人会在短时间内摧毁陛下领地上的所有果实和牲畜。此外,我们六千个月的史书中除了利立浦特和不来夫斯古两大帝国外,从未提及任何其他地区。正如我正要告诉您的,这两大强国之间已经进行了一场持续三十六个月的极其顽固的战争。战争的起因如下:众所周知,最初吃鸡蛋之前打破鸡蛋的方法是从大头的一端破开;但当今陛下的祖父在还是个孩子时,一次吃鸡蛋按照古老的做法打破时,不小心割破了一根手指。于是皇帝--他的父亲--颁布了一道敕令,命令所有臣民,违者重罚,必须从小头一端打破鸡蛋。百姓对此法律极为不满,据我们的史书记载,因此发生了六次叛乱;在一次叛乱中一位皇帝丧命,另一位丢了王冠。这些内乱一直受到不来夫斯古君主的煽动;当叛乱被镇压后,流亡者总是逃往那个帝国寻求庇护。据估算,有一万一千人曾多次宁死不屈,拒绝从小头打破鸡蛋。关于这场争论,已出版了数百卷巨著;但大头派的书籍早已被禁,整个党派依法被剥夺了担任公职的资格。在这些骚乱期间,不来夫斯古的皇帝们多次通过使节提出抗议,指责我们制造宗教分裂,违背了我们伟大先知卢斯特罗格在《布兰德克拉尔》--即他们的《古兰经》--第五十四章中的根本教义。不过,这被认为是对文本的曲解;因为经文是这样说的:“所有真正的信徒应从方便的一端打破鸡蛋。”而哪一端是方便的一端,依我愚见,似乎应交由每个人良心决定,或至少由最高行政长官来裁定。

🔊
affirm /əˈfɜːm/
v. 断言;证实
🔊
kingdoms /ˈkɪŋdəmz/
n. 王国
🔊
philosophers /fɪˈlɒsəfəz/
n. 哲学家
🔊
conjecture /kənˈdʒektʃə/
v. 推测;猜想
🔊
mortals /ˈmɔːtlz/
n. 凡人;人类
🔊
bulk /bʌlk/
n. 体积;庞大
🔊
dominions /dəˈmɪniənz/
n. 领土;领地
🔊
obstinate /ˈɒbstɪnət/
adj. 顽固的;倔强的
🔊
primitive /ˈprɪmətɪv/
adj. 原始的;早期的
🔊
edict /ˈiːdɪkt/
n. 法令;敕令
🔊
subjects /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/
n. 臣民;主题
🔊
penalties /ˈpenəltiz/
n. 惩罚;处罚
🔊
rebellions /rɪˈbeliənz/
n. 叛乱;反抗
🔊
civil /ˈsɪvl/
adj. 公民的;国内的;文明的
🔊
commotions /kəˈməʊʃnz/
n. 骚动;混乱
🔊
fomented /fəʊˈmentɪd/
v. 煽动;挑起
🔊
monarchs /ˈmɒnəks/
n. 君主;帝王
🔊
quelled /kweld/
v. 镇压;平息
🔊
exiles /ˈeksaɪlz/
n. 流亡者;被放逐者
🔊
refuge /ˈrefjuːdʒ/
n. 避难;庇护
🔊
computed /kəmˈpjuːtɪd/
v. 计算(过去分词)
🔊
volumes /ˈvɒljuːmz/
n. 卷;册;体积
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controversy /ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi/
n. 争论;争议
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forbidden /fəˈbɪdn/
adj. 被禁止的
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rendered /ˈrendəd/
v. 使成为;提供
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incapable /ɪnˈkeɪpəbl/
adj. 无能力的;不能的
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schism /ˈskɪzəm/
n. 分裂;教派分裂
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fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/
adj. 基本的;根本的
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doctrine /ˈdɒktrɪn/
n. 教义;学说
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prophet /ˈprɒfɪt/
n. 先知;预言者
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strain /streɪn/
n. 曲解;过度解释;压力
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conscience /ˈkɒnʃəns/
n. 良心;道德心
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magistrate /ˈmædʒɪstreɪt/
n. 地方法官;治安官
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determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/
v. 决定;确定
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humble /ˈhʌmbl/
adj. 谦卑的;简陋的

如今,大头派的流亡者在不来夫斯古皇帝朝廷里获得了极大的信任,并从国内的同党那里得到了许多私下援助和鼓励,因此两大帝国之间已经进行了三十六个月的浴血战争,互有胜负;在此期间,我们损失了四十艘主力舰和更多的小型船只,以及三万精锐水兵和战士;而敌人遭受的损失据估计比我们更大。不过,他们现在已装备了一支庞大的舰队,正准备向我们发动进攻;皇帝陛下对您的英勇和力量寄予厚望,特命我将这些情况禀告给您。

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credit /ˈkredɪt/
n. 信任;信誉;功劳
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assistance /əˈsɪstəns/
n. 援助;帮助
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encouragement /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt/
n. 鼓励;支持
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various /ˈveəriəs/
adj. 各种各样的
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capital /ˈkæpɪtl/
adj. 主要的;资本的;极好的
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vessels /ˈveslz/
n. 船只;容器
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seamen /ˈsiːmən/
n. 海员;水手
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reckoned /ˈrekənd/
v. 估计;认为
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equipped /ɪˈkwɪpt/
v. 装备;配备
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numerous /ˈnjuːmərəs/
adj. 众多的;许多的
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fleet /fliːt/
n. 舰队;车队
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descent /dɪˈsent/
n. 袭击;下降;血统
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valour /ˈvælə/
n. 英勇;勇猛
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confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/
n. 信心;信任
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enemy /ˈenəmi/
n. 敌人;仇敌
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somewhat /ˈsʌmwɒt/
adv. 有点;稍微

我请秘书向皇帝转达我的谦卑敬意,并让他知道:“我认为,作为一个外国人,我不应该插手党派之争;但我愿意冒生命危险,保卫陛下的人身和国家,抵御一切侵略者。”

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hazard /ˈhæzəd/
n. 危险;风险
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interfere /ˌɪntəˈfɪə/
v. 干涉;干预
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invaders /ɪnˈveɪdəz/
n. 入侵者
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foreigner /ˈfɒrənə/
n. 外国人
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state /steɪt/
n. 国家;状态
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翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。