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Part 2. A Voyage To Brobdingnag – Chapter two (第二章)

探索《格列佛游记》第2章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细的雅思词汇和解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提高阅读技能。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)
🔊 A description of the farmers daughter. The author carried to a market-town, and then to the metropolis. The particulars of his journey.

对农夫女儿的描写。作者被带到一个集镇,然后带到首都。他旅途的详情。

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description /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/
n. 描述,叙述
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metropolis /mɪˈtrɒpəlɪs/
n. 大都市,主要城市
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particulars /pəˈtɪkjʊləz/
n. 细节,详情
🔊 My mistress had a daughter of nine years old, a child of towardly parts for her age, very dexterous at her needle, and skilful in dressing her baby. Her mother and she contrived to fit up the babys cradle for me against night: the cradle was put into a small drawer of a cabinet, and the drawer placed upon a hanging shelf for fear of the rats. This was my bed all the time I staid with those people, though made more convenient by degrees, as I began to learn their language and make my wants known. This young girl was so handy, that after I had once or twice pulled off my clothes before her, she was able to dress and undress me, though I never gave her that trouble when she would let me do either myself. She made me seven shirts, and some other linen, of as fine cloth as could be got, which indeed was coarser than sackcloth; and these she constantly washed for me with her own hands. She was likewise my school-mistress, to teach me the language: when I pointed to any thing, she told me the name of it in her own tongue, so that in a few days I was able to call for whatever I had a mind to. She was very good-natured, and not above forty feet high, being little for her age. She gave me the name of Grildrig, which the family took up, and afterwards the whole kingdom. The word imports what the Latins call nanunculus, the Italians homunceletino, and the English mannikin. To her I chiefly owe my preservation in that country: we never parted while I was there; I called her my Glumdalclitch, or little nurse; and should be guilty of great ingratitude, if I omitted this honourable mention of her care and affection towards me, which I heartily wish it lay in my power to requite as she deserves, instead of being the innocent, but unhappy instrument of her disgrace, as I have too much reason to fear.

我的女主人有个九岁的女儿,这孩子在同龄人中算是聪慧伶俐,针线活做得非常灵巧,还善于给自己的玩偶穿衣打扮。她和母亲一起,特意在夜间将玩偶的摇篮改装成我的床铺:摇篮被放进一个柜子的小抽屉里,抽屉则搁在一个吊架上,以防老鼠。我在那些人那里居住的整个期间,这便是我睡觉的地方,不过随着我开始学习他们的语言、表达自己的需求,这床铺也渐渐变得便利了些。这小姑娘手很巧,我在她面前脱过一两次衣服之后,她便能给我穿脱衣裳了,不过但凡她允许我自己动手,我从不麻烦她。她用能找到的最细的布料给我做了七件衬衫和其他一些内衣--其实那布料比麻袋布还要粗糙;并且她亲手为我洗涤这些衣物。她还充当我的女教师,教我语言:我指向任何东西,她便用她的母语说出它的名字,因此没几天我就能叫出我想要的一切。她性格十分温厚,身高不到四十英尺,就她的年龄来说算是矮小的。她给我取名为格里尔德里格,这个名字被全家采用,后来传遍了整个王国。这个词的含义相当于拉丁语中的 nanunculus,意大利语中的 homunceletino,英语中的 mannikin。我在这片土地上得以幸存,主要归功于她;我在那里期间我们从未分离;我称她为我的葛兰达克利赤,即小保姆;若我不在此处对她给予我的关怀与深情致以崇高的谢意,那我便难逃忘恩负义之罪;我衷心希望能以她应得的方式回报她,而不是像我有太多理由担心的那样,成为她失宠的无辜却不幸的媒介。

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towardly /ˈtɔːrdli/
adj. 有希望的,有前途的(旧用法)
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dexterous /ˈdekstərəs/
adj. 灵巧的,熟练的
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skilful /ˈskɪlfəl/
adj. 熟练的,有技巧的(英式拼写)
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contrived /kənˈtraɪvd/
v. 策划,设法(过去式)
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cabinet /ˈkæbɪnɪt/
n. 橱柜,陈列柜
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convenient /kənˈviːniənt/
adj. 方便的,便利的
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linen /ˈlɪnɪn/
n. 亚麻布,亚麻制品
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coarser /ˈkɔːsər/
adj. 更粗糙的(coarse的比较级)
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sackcloth /ˈsækklɒθ/
n. 麻袋布,粗麻布
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constantly /ˈkɒnstəntli/
adv. 持续不断地,经常地
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likewise /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/
adv. 同样地,也
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imports /ɪmˈpɔːts/
v. 意味着,表示(古用法,第三人称单数)
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preservation /ˌprezərˈveɪʃən/
n. 保存,保护
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ingratitude /ɪnˈɡrætɪtjuːd/
n. 忘恩负义
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omitted /əˈmɪtɪd/
v. 省略,遗漏(过去式)
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honourable /ˈɒnərəbl/
adj. 光荣的,体面的(英式拼写)
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affection /əˈfekʃən/
n. 喜爱,感情
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heartily /ˈhɑːtɪli/
adv. 衷心地,热忱地
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requite /rɪˈkwaɪt/
v. 报答,回报
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innocent /ˈɪnəsənt/
adj. 无辜的,纯真的
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instrument /ˈɪnstrʊmənt/
n. 工具,手段,作用者
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disgrace /dɪsˈɡreɪs/
n. 耻辱,丢脸
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guilty /ˈɡɪlti/
adj. 有罪的,内疚的
🔊 It now began to be known and talked of in the neighbourhood, that my master had found a strange animal in the field, about the bigness of a splacnuck, but exactly shaped in every part like a human creature; which it likewise imitated in all its actions; seemed to speak in a little language of its own, had already learned several words of theirs, went erect upon two legs, was tame and gentle, would come when it was called, do whatever it was bid, had the finest limbs in the world, and a complexion fairer than a noblemans daughter of three years old. Another farmer, who lived hard by, and was a particular friend of my master, came on a visit on purpose to inquire into the truth of this story. I was immediately produced, and placed upon a table, where I walked as I was commanded, drew my hanger, put it up again, made my reverence to my masters guest, asked him in his own language how he did, and told him he was welcome, just as my little nurse had instructed me. This man, who was old and dim-sighted, put on his spectacles to behold me better; at which I could not forbear laughing very heartily, for his eyes appeared like the full moon shining into a chamber at two windows. Our people, who discovered the cause of my mirth, bore me company in laughing, at which the old fellow was fool enough to be angry and out of countenance. He had the character of a great miser; and, to my misfortune, he well deserved it, by the cursed advice he gave my master, to show me as a sight upon a market-day in the next town, which was half an hours riding, about two-and-twenty miles from our house. I guessed there was some mischief when I observed my master and his friend whispering together, sometimes pointing at me; and my fears made me fancy that I overheard and understood some of their words. But the next morning Glumdalclitch, my little nurse, told me the whole matter, which she had cunningly picked out from her mother. The poor girl laid me on her bosom, and fell a weeping with shame and grief. She apprehended some mischief would happen to me from rude vulgar folks, who might squeeze me to death, or break one of my limbs by taking me in their hands. She had also observed how modest I was in my nature, how nicely I regarded my honour, and what an indignity I should conceive it, to be exposed for money as a public spectacle, to the meanest of the people. She said, her papa and mamma had promised that Grildrig should be hers; but now she found they meant to serve her as they did last year, when they pretended to give her a lamb, and yet, as soon as it was fat, sold it to a butcher. For my own part, I may truly affirm, that I was less concerned than my nurse.

邻居们开始知道并议论这件事:我的主人在田里发现了一只奇怪的动物,大小如同一只斯普拉克纳克,但每一部分都与人形完全相似;它在所有动作上也都模仿人类;似乎会用一种自己的小语言说话,已经学会了他们的一些词汇,能用两条腿直立行走,性情温顺,一叫便来,听从指令,拥有世间最精致的四肢,肤色比三岁贵族小姐还要白皙。附近住着另一位农夫,是我主人的特别好友,特意登门拜访,探询此事的真相。我立刻被带出来,放在一张桌子上,按命令在上面行走,拔出我的佩刀又插回去,向主人的客人行礼,用他自己的语言问他好,并告诉他欢迎他的到来,这些都是我的小保姆教我的。这人年迈眼花,戴上眼镜想看得更清楚些;见此情景我忍不住大笑起来,因为他的眼睛看上去就像一轮满月从两扇窗户照进房间。我家的人发现了我发笑的原因,也陪我笑起来,这下那个老家伙竟傻乎乎地生气、局促不安。他素有吝啬鬼的名声;不幸的是,他确实名副其实,因为他给我主人出了个恶毒的主意:让我在下一个赶集日去邻近的镇上当作怪物展览。那镇子骑马要半个时辰,离我们家大约二十二英里。当我看到主人和他的朋友交头接耳,有时还指着我的时候,我就猜到有些不妙;我的恐惧让我觉得自己偷听到了并理解了他们的一些话。但第二天早上,我的小保姆葛兰达克利赤把事情的来龙去脉告诉了我,她是巧妙地从她母亲那里探听来的。可怜的姑娘把我抱在怀里,又羞又伤心地哭了起来。她担心我会被粗鲁的乡野之人伤害,他们可能会把我捏死,或者抓在手里时折断我的一条肢体。她还观察到我的天性多么腼腆,我多么看重自己的名誉,以及被当作公共奇观被人用钱观看,对我这样的人是多么大的侮辱。她说,她的爸爸妈妈曾许诺格里尔德里格会属于她;但现在她发现他们打算像去年那样对待她--当时他们假装送她一只羊羔,可等羊羔一肥,就卖给屠夫了。就我而言,我可以说实话,我比我的保姆更不在意。

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neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/
n. 近邻,附近地区
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imitated /ˈɪmɪteɪtɪd/
v. 模仿(过去式)
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erect /ɪˈrekt/
adj. 直立的,竖直的
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complexion /kəmˈplekʃən/
n. 肤色,面色
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nobleman /ˈnəʊblmən/
n. 贵族(男性)
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inquire /ɪnˈkwaɪər/
v. 询问,调查
🔊
reverence /ˈrevərəns/
n. 尊敬,敬意
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instructed /ɪnˈstrʌktɪd/
v. 指导,指示(过去式)
🔊
spectacles /ˈspektəkəlz/
n. 眼镜
🔊
behold /bɪˈhəʊld/
v. 看,注视(文学用语)
🔊
forbear /fɔːˈbeər/
v. 克制,忍住
🔊
chamber /ˈtʃeɪmbər/
n. 房间,室
🔊
mirth /mɜːθ/
n. 欢乐,高兴
🔊
countenance /ˈkaʊntɪnəns/
n. 面容,表情
🔊
miser /ˈmaɪzər/
n. 吝啬鬼,守财奴
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misfortune /mɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn/
n. 不幸,厄运
🔊
mischief /ˈmɪstʃɪf/
n. 恶作剧,伤害
🔊
cunningly /ˈkʌnɪŋli/
adv. 狡猾地,巧妙地
🔊
bosom /ˈbʊzəm/
n. 胸部,胸襟
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grief /ɡriːf/
n. 悲伤,悲痛
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apprehended /ˌæprɪˈhendɪd/
v. 忧虑,担心(过去式)
🔊
vulgar /ˈvʌlɡər/
adj. 粗俗的,庸俗的
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squeeze /skwiːz/
v. 挤压,捏
🔊
modest /ˈmɒdɪst/
adj. 谦虚的,适度的
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indignity /ɪnˈdɪɡnɪti/
n. 侮辱,轻蔑
🔊
conceive /kənˈsiːv/
v. 构想,设想
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exposed /ɪkˈspəʊzd/
v. 暴露(过去式/过去分词)
🔊
spectacle /ˈspektəkəl/
n. 景象,奇观
🔊
affirm /əˈfɜːm/
v. 断言,证实
🔊
dim-sighted /ˈdɪm ˈsaɪtɪd/
adj. 视力差的,模糊的

我怀着一个强烈的希望,这个希望从未离开过我:总有一天我会重获自由;至于被当作怪物四处展览的耻辱,我自认是这片土地上一个完全陌生的异乡人,如果我将来返回英格兰,这种不幸决不能算作我的耻辱,因为即便是大不列颠国王本人在我的处境下,也一定会遭受同样的苦难。

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recover /rɪˈkʌvər/
v. 恢复,重新获得
🔊
liberty /ˈlɪbəti/
n. 自由
🔊
ignominy /ˈɪɡnəmɪni/
n. 耻辱,不名誉
🔊
reproach /rɪˈprəʊtʃ/
n. 责备,指责
🔊
distress /dɪˈstres/
n. 痛苦,忧虑
🔊
undergone /ˌʌndəˈɡɒn/
v. 经历,遭受(过去分词)

根据他朋友的建议,我的主人在下一个赶集日把我装在一个箱子里,带到了邻近的镇上,同时让他的小女儿--我的保姆--骑在他身后的小鞍上。箱子四周封闭,只有一扇小门供我出入,并钻了几个小孔透气。小姑娘很细心,把她玩偶床上的被子铺在箱子里,让我躺在上面。然而这次旅行虽然只有半个时辰,我却颠簸得厉害,十分不适:因为那匹马每跨一步就大约四十英尺,而且跑得极高,颠簸的程度不亚于一艘船在暴风雨中的起伏,但频率要高得多。我们的行程比从伦敦到圣奥尔本斯略远一些。我的主人在他常去的一家旅店下了马;与店主商量了一会儿,做了一些必要的准备后,他雇了一个格鲁特鲁德(即报子),在镇上通告说,有一只奇怪的动物在绿鹰客栈展出,大小不及一只斯普拉克纳克(那个国家的一种动物,形状优美,长约六英尺),身体各部分都像人,能说几句话,还能表演上百种有趣的把戏。

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pursuant /pərˈsjuːənt/
adj. 依照的,遵循的(常用于法律)
🔊
discomposed /ˌdɪskəmˈpəʊzd/
adj. 不安的,心烦意乱的
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agitation /ˌædʒɪˈteɪʃən/
n. 激动,摇动
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alighted /əˈlaɪtɪd/
v. 下车(马),降落(过去式)
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diverting /daɪˈvɜːtɪŋ/
adj. 有趣的,娱乐的
🔊
neighbouring /ˈneɪbərɪŋ/
adj. 邻近的,接壤的
🔊 I was placed upon a table in the largest room of the inn, which might be near three hundred feet square. My little nurse stood on a low stool close to the table, to take care of me, and direct what I should do. My master, to avoid a crowd, would suffer only thirty people at a time to see me. I walked about on the table as the girl commanded; she asked me questions, as far as she knew my understanding of the language reached, and I answered them as loud as I could. I turned about several times to the company, paid my humble respects, said they were welcome, and used some other speeches I had been taught. I took up a thimble filled with liquor, which Glumdalclitch had given me for a cup, and drank their health, I drew out my hanger, and flourished with it after the manner of fencers in England. My nurse gave me a part of a straw, which I exercised as a pike, having learnt the art in my youth. I was that day shown to twelve sets of company, and as often forced to act over again the same fopperies, till I was half dead with weariness and vexation; for those who had seen me made such wonderful reports, that the people were ready to break down the doors to come in. My master, for his own interest, would not suffer any one to touch me except my nurse; and to prevent danger, benches were set round the table at such a distance as to put me out of every bodys reach. However, an unlucky school-boy aimed a hazel nut directly at my head, which very narrowly missed me; otherwise it came with so much violence, that it would have infallibly knocked out my brains, for it was almost as large as a small pumpkin, but I had the satisfaction to see the young rogue well beaten, and turned out of the room.

我被放在旅店最大房间的一张桌子上,那房间可能接近三百英尺见方。我的小保姆站在紧靠桌子的矮凳上照看我,并指点我该做什么。我的主人为避免拥挤,每次只允许三十人观看。我按照小姑娘的命令在桌上走来走去;她在我掌握语言能力范围内向我提问,我则尽可能大声地回答。我多次向观众转身,恭恭敬敬地行礼,说欢迎他们,还说了一些别人教我的客套话。我拿起一个装满酒的顶针(那是葛兰达克利赤给我当杯子用的),为他们的健康干杯;我拔出我的佩刀,按照英格兰剑术家的方式挥舞了一番。我的保姆给了我一段稻草,我把它当作长矛操练--这是我年轻时学会的技艺。那天我面对了十二批观众,被迫一遍又一遍地表演同样的蠢行,直到我累得半死、恼火万分;因为那些看过我的人做了惊人报告,以至于人们几乎要挤破门进来。我的主人为了自己的利益,除了我的保姆,不许任何人触碰我;为防止危险,桌子四周摆上长凳,距离恰好让我够不着任何人。然而,一个淘气的学童用一颗榛子直接瞄准我的头,差点砸中我;否则那榛子来势凶猛,肯定会把我的脑袋砸开花--因为那颗榛子几乎像个小南瓜那么大--不过令我满意的是,那个小坏蛋被狠狠揍了一顿,并被赶出了房间。

🔊
flourished /ˈflʌrɪʃt/
v. 挥舞(过去式)
🔊
fopperies /ˈfɒpəriz/
n. 蠢举,无聊的行为(复数)
🔊
weariness /ˈwɪərinɪs/
n. 疲倦,厌倦
🔊
vexation /vekˈseɪʃən/
n. 烦恼,困扰
🔊
infallibly /ɪnˈfælɪbli/
adv. 绝对可靠地,万无一失地
🔊
rogue /rəʊɡ/
n. 流氓,淘气鬼

我的主人公开通知说,他将在下一个赶集日再次展出我;与此同时,他为我准备了一辆合适的交通工具,这确实很有必要;因为第一次旅行加上连续八小时招待观众,让我几乎站不稳脚跟,连一句话也说不出。我至少花了三天才恢复体力;而为了让我在家里不得安宁,方圆一百英里内的所有乡绅听说了我的名声,都到我家来看我。来看的人连同他们的妻子和孩子不少于三十人(因为那个国家人口稠密);我的主人在家展出我时,即使只面对一家人,也要求一整间房的票价;因此有一段时间我几乎每天都不得安宁(除了星期三,那是他们的安息日),尽管没有被带到镇上去。

🔊
vehicle /ˈviːɪkəl/
n. 车辆,交通工具
🔊
fame /feɪm/
n. 名声,声誉
🔊
populous /ˈpɒpjʊləs/
adj. 人口稠密的
🔊
strength /streŋθ/
n. 力量,体力

我的主人发现我可能会带来可观的收益,便决定带我去王国里最重要的城市。于是他准备好长途旅行所需的一切,安顿好家事,告别妻子,于1703年8月17日(即我到达后约两个月)出发前往首都--它位于那个帝国中部附近,离我们家大约三千英里。我的主人让他的女儿葛兰达克利赤骑在他身后。她把我放在她膝上的一个箱子里,箱子系在她腰间。小姑娘用她能找到的最柔软的布料把箱子四周衬好,下面垫得厚厚的,铺上她的玩偶床,给我准备了内衣和其他必需品,尽可能让一切舒适。我们没有其他同伴,只有一个家里的男仆骑在后面带着行李。

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profitable /ˈprɒfɪtəbl/
adj. 有利可图的,有益的
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considerable /kənˈsɪdərəbl/
adj. 相当大的,重要的
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situate /ˈsɪtjueɪt/
v. 使位于,坐落于
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empire /ˈempaɪər/
n. 帝国
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necessaries /ˈnesəsəriz/
n. 必需品(复数)

我主人的计划是沿途在每个城镇展出我,并偏离大路五十或一百英里,前往任何可能招徕顾客的村庄或贵族家宅。我们走得轻松,每天不超过七八十英里;因为葛兰达克利赤特意为了照顾我,抱怨自己被马颠得累了。她常应我的要求把我从箱子里拿出来,让我透透气,看看乡间景色,但总是用一根牵绳紧紧拉住我。我们渡过了五六条河流,许多河流比尼罗河或恒河宽得多也深得多;几乎没有一条小溪像伦敦桥下的泰晤士河那样小。我们的旅途花了十周,我在十八个大城镇展出过,此外还有许多村庄和私人家宅。

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spare /speər/
v. 省去,饶恕,抽出
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rivulet /ˈrɪvjʊlɪt/
n. 小溪,细流
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custom /ˈkʌstəm/
n. 光顾;习惯
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complained /kəmˈpleɪnd/
v. 抱怨(过去式)

10月26日,我们到达了首都,他们称之为洛布鲁格鲁德,即“宇宙之骄傲”。我的主人在城市主街上租了一处住所,离皇宫不远,并按通常方式张贴了广告,上面详细描述了我的身体特征和能力。他租了一间宽三四百英尺的大房间,准备了一张直径六十英尺的桌子--我将在这张桌上表演--并在桌子四周离边缘三英尺、高三英尺处设了栅栏,以防我跌落。我每天展出十次,所有人都惊叹不已、心满意足。我现在已经能把那种语言说得相当好,完全能听懂对我说的每一句话。此外,我学会了他们的字母,并能勉强解释一些句子;因为葛兰达克利赤在家时以及旅途中空闲时都是我的老师。她口袋里揣着一本小书,大小不比桑松的地图集大多少;那是一本为年轻女孩编写的普通读物,简要介绍她们的宗教:她就是用这本书教了我字母,并解释了词义。

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lodging /ˈlɒdʒɪŋ/
n. 住宿,寄宿
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principal /ˈprɪnsəpəl/
adj. 主要的,首要的
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diameter /daɪˈæmɪtər/
n. 直径
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tolerably /ˈtɒlərəbli/
adv. 尚可地,可容忍地
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instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktər/
n. 指导者,教师
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leisure /ˈleʒər/
n. 闲暇,空闲
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treatise /ˈtriːtɪs/
n. 论文,专著
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interpreted /ɪnˈtɜːprɪtɪd/
v. 解释,口译(过去式)
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palisadoed /ˌpælɪˈseɪdəʊd/
adj. 用栅栏围起的(动词palisado的过去分词)
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翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。