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Book Two: 1805 – Chapter eighteen (第十八章)

探索《战争与和平》第18章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细的雅思词汇与解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提升您的阅读技能。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

巴格拉季翁公爵到达我方右翼最高点后,开始策马下山,前往传来火枪声但因硝烟弥漫而什么都看不见的地方。他们越靠近洼地,视野越模糊,却越能真切感受到战场近在咫尺。途中开始遇到伤员。一名头部流血、没戴军帽的士兵,正被两名战友架着胳膊拖行。他喉咙里咕噜作响,口中吐着血沫--子弹显然击中了他的咽喉或嘴巴。另一人独自坚实前行,手中没了火枪,大声呻吟着,刚受伤的手臂上鲜血像从瓶子里倒出来一样顺着军大衣流淌。他是刚刚负伤的,脸上与其说是痛苦,不如说是恐惧。

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flank /flæŋk/
n. 侧面,侧翼
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musketry /ˈmʌskɪtri/
n. 火枪射击,火枪队
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hollow /ˈhɒləʊ/
n. 凹陷地,洼地
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nearness /ˈnɪənəs/
n. 接近,靠近
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evidently /ˈevɪdəntli/
adv. 明显地,显然

穿过一条道路后,他们走下陡坡,看见地上躺着几个人,还遇到一群士兵,其中有些并未受伤。士兵们气喘吁吁地爬上山坡,尽管将军在场,仍大声交谈并挥舞着手势。前方硝烟中已隐约可见一排排灰色军大衣,一名军官瞥见巴格拉季翁>>,便朝后退的人群大喊,命令他们返回。巴格拉季翁策马来到队列前,枪声在此起彼伏地噼啪作响,盖过了说话声和命令声。空气中弥漫着硝烟。士兵们被烟熏黑的脸庞带着激动的神情。有的在装填弹药,有的在药池里撒火药,有的从弹药袋里取弹药,还有的在射击--尽管因为无风而无法散去的硝烟,根本看不清他们在朝谁开枪。子弹发出的悦耳嗡嗡声和呼啸声不时传来。安德烈公爵靠近那群士兵,心里暗想:“这是怎么回事?不可能是进攻,因为他们没有移动;也不可能是方阵--他们并没有那样列阵。”

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incline /ɪnˈklaɪn/
n. 斜坡,倾斜
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gesticulating /dʒeˈstɪkjuleɪtɪŋ/
v. 打手势,做手势
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retreating /rɪˈtriːtɪŋ/
v. 撤退,后退
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ramrods /ˈræmrɒdz/
n. 通条(装填火枪用)
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pouches /paʊtʃɪz/
n. 弹药袋,小袋
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humming /ˈhʌmɪŋ/
n. 嗡嗡声
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whistling /ˈwɪslɪŋ/
n. 呼啸声,口哨声
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square /skweər/
n. 方阵(军事)
🔊 The commander of the regiment, a thin, feeble-looking old man with a pleasant smile--his eyelids drooping more than half over his old eyes, giving him a mild expression, rode up to Bagration and welcomed him as a host welcomes an honored guest. He reported that his regiment had been attacked by French cavalry and that, though the attack had been repulsed, he had lost more than half his men. He said the attack had been repulsed, employing this military term to describe what had occurred to his regiment, but in reality he did not himself know what had happened during that half-hour to the troops entrusted to him, and could not say with certainty whether the attack had been repulsed or his regiment had been broken up. All he knew was that at the commencement of the action balls and shells began flying all over his regiment and hitting men and that afterwards someone had shouted "Cavalry!" and our men had begun firing. They were still firing, not at the cavalry which had disappeared, but at French infantry who had come into the hollow and were firing at our men. Prince Bagration bowed his head as a sign that this was exactly what he had desired and expected. Turning to his adjutant he ordered him to bring down the two battalions of the Sixth Chasseurs whom they had just passed. Prince Andrew was struck by the changed expression on Prince Bagration's face at this moment. It expressed the concentrated and happy resolution you see on the face of a man who on a hot day takes a final run before plunging into the water. The dull, sleepy expression was no longer there, nor the affectation of profound thought. The round, steady, hawk's eyes looked before him eagerly and rather disdainfully, not resting on anything although his movements were still slow and measured.

那位团长是个身体瘦弱、面容虚弱的老人,面带亲切的微笑--耷拉的眼皮遮住老眼大半,显得神情温和--他策马来到巴格拉季翁面前,像主人欢迎贵宾那样迎接他。他报告说自己的团遭到了法军骑兵的攻击,虽然击退了进攻,但损失过半。他说攻击已被击退,用这个军事术语形容团发生的事,但事实上他自己也不清楚那半小时内指挥的部队究竟发生了什么,无法确切断定攻击是被击退了,还是他的团已被打散。他只知道自己刚开始行动时,炮弹和榴弹便飞遍整个团>>,击中士兵;之后有人喊了句“骑兵!”我方士兵便开了火。他们仍在射击,目标不是已消失的骑兵>>,而是进入洼地并朝我方射击的法军步兵。巴格拉季翁公爵点了点头,表示这正是他所期望和预料的。他转向副官,命令调来他们刚才经过的第六猎骑兵的两个营。安德烈公爵注意到这一刻巴格拉季翁公爵脸上的表情变了。那表情显示出一个人在大热天跳入水中前最后一次奔跑时脸上那种专注而愉快的决心。那种倦怠的睡意不见了,故作深沉的表情也消失了。他又圆又稳的鹰眼急切而略带轻蔑地向前望着,目光不落在任何事物上,尽管他的动作依然缓慢而从容。

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regiment /ˈredʒɪmənt/
n. 团(军队编制)
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cavalry /ˈkævəlri/
n. 骑兵
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infantry /ˈɪnfəntri/
n. 步兵
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adjutant /ˈædʒʊtənt/
n. 副官
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battalions /bəˈtæliənz/
n. 营(军队编制)
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Chasseurs /ʃæˈsɜːrz/
n. 猎兵(法国轻步兵)
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repulsed /rɪˈpʌlst/
v. 击退
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commencement /kəˈmensmənt/
n. 开始,开端
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profound /prəˈfaʊnd/
adj. 深远的,深刻的
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disdainfully /dɪsˈdeɪnfəli/
adv. 轻蔑地
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feeble-looking /ˈfiːbəl ˈlʊkɪŋ/
adj. 看起来虚弱的
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drooping /ˈdruːpɪŋ/
adj. 下垂的

团长转向巴格拉季翁公爵>>>,恳求他回去,因为待在这里太危险了。“求您了,大人,看在上帝的份上!”他不停地重复,向身边一位扭过头去的随从军官寻求支持。“您瞧!”他指着周围不断呼啸、歌唱、嘶嘶作响的子弹说。他说话的语气就像一位木匠对一位拿起斧头的绅士那样,带着恳求和责备:“我们习惯了,可您,先生,您的手会磨出水泡的。”他说话的样子仿佛那些子弹根本打不死他,半闭的眼睛更增添了话语的说服力。参谋军官也附和上校的请求,但巴格拉季翁没有回答;他只是下令停止射击并重新整队,以便为即将到来的两个营腾出空间。他说话时,一阵渐起的风将原本遮蔽洼地的烟幕从右向左吹动,仿佛被无形的手拉开,对面那座山坡和山坡上移动的法军士兵便展现在他们眼前。所有人的目光不由自主地盯住了那支正朝他们推进、蜿蜒下坡的法军纵队。已经能看到士兵们蓬松的帽子,能分辨出军官和士兵,还能看到旗帜在旗杆上拍打。

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entreating /ɪnˈtriːtɪŋ/
v. 恳求,乞求
🔊
excellency /ˈeksələnsi/
n. 阁下(尊称)
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suite /swiːt/
n. 随从,一批随员
🔊
reproach /rɪˈprəʊtʃ/
n. 责备,指责
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carpenter /ˈkɑːrpəntər/
n. 木匠
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blister /ˈblɪstər/
v. 起水泡,使起水泡
🔊
persuasiveness /pərˈsweɪsɪvnəs/
n. 说服力,劝说力
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colonel /ˈkɜːrnəl/
n. 上校
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cease /siːs/
v. 停止,终止
🔊
re-form /riːˈfɔːrm/
v. 重新整队,重新形成
🔊
curtain /ˈkɜːrtən/
n. 帘幕,幕布
🔊
concealed /kənˈsiːld/
v. 隐藏,掩盖
🔊
invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəbəl/
adj. 看不见的,无形的
🔊
involuntarily /ɪnˌvɒlənˈterəli/
adv. 不由自主地,无意识地
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column /ˈkɒləm/
n. 纵队,列
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advancing /ədˈvænsɪŋ/
v. 前进,推进
🔊
winding /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/
v. 蜿蜒,曲折行进
🔊
uneven /ʌnˈiːvən/
adj. 不平坦的,崎岖的
🔊
shaggy /ˈʃæɡi/
adj. 蓬乱的,毛茸茸的
🔊
distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/
v. 区分,辨别
🔊
standard /ˈstændərd/
n. 旗帜,军旗
🔊
flapping /ˈflæpɪŋ/
v. 飘动,拍打

“他们行进得真漂亮,”巴格拉季翁随从中有人说道。

🔊
splendidly /ˈsplendɪdli/
adv. 辉煌地,极好地

纵队前锋已经踏入洼地。战斗即将在这边展开……我方仍在交战的团残部迅速整队,向右移动;从后方,第六猎骑兵的两个营整齐地走来,赶开了掉队者。他们还未到达巴格拉季翁面前,便已能听到众人整齐行进的沉重脚步声。在左翼,靠近巴格拉季翁的位置,走着一个连长--一个圆脸、神情呆滞而满足的汉子,正是刚才从柳条棚里冲出来的那人。此刻他显然只想着一件事:经过指挥官时,自己看起来是多么威风凛凛。

🔊
clash /klæʃ/
n. 冲突,交锋
🔊
remains /rɪˈmeɪnz/
n. 残余,剩余部分
🔊
dispersing /dɪˈspɜːrsɪŋ/
v. 驱散,分散
🔊
laggards /ˈlæɡərdz/
n. 落伍者,掉队者
🔊
weighty /ˈweɪti/
adj. 沉重的,重大的
🔊
tread /tred/
n. 脚步声,步伐
🔊
company commander /ˈkʌmpəni kəˈmændər/
n. 连长
🔊
wattle /ˈwɒtəl/
n. 柳条,枝条
🔊
shed /ʃed/
n. 棚屋,小屋
🔊
dashing /ˈdæʃɪŋ/
adj. 有活力的,帅气的
🔊
formed up /fɔːrmd ʌp/
v. 整理队形,列队
🔊
round-faced /raʊnd feɪst/
adj. 圆脸的
🔊
wattle shed /ˈwɒtəl ʃed/
n. 柳条棚
🔊 With the self-satisfaction of a man on parade, he stepped lightly with his muscular legs as if sailing along, stretching himself to his full height without the smallest effort, his ease contrasting with the heavy tread of the soldiers who were keeping step with him. He carried close to his leg a narrow unsheathed sword (small, curved, and not like a real weapon) and looked now at the superior officers and now back at the men without losing step, his whole powerful body turning flexibly. It was as if all the powers of his soul were concentrated on passing the commander in the best possible manner, and feeling that he was doing it well he was happy. "Left... left... left..." he seemed to repeat to himself at each alternate step; and in time to this, with stern but varied faces, the wall of soldiers burdened with knapsacks and muskets marched in step, and each one of these hundreds of soldiers seemed to be repeating to himself at each alternate step, "Left... left... left..." A fat major skirted a bush, puffing and falling out of step; a soldier who had fallen behind, his face showing alarm at his defection, ran at a trot, panting to catch up with his company. A cannon ball, cleaving the air, flew over the heads of Bagration and his suite, and fell into the column to the measure of "Left... left!" "Close up!" came the company commander's voice in jaunty tones. The soldiers passed in a semicircle round something where the ball had fallen, and an old trooper on the flank, a noncommissioned officer who had stopped beside the dead men, ran to catch up his line and, falling into step with a hop, looked back angrily, and through the ominous silence and the regular tramp of feet beating the ground in unison, one seemed to hear left... left... left.

带着阅兵场上那种自满神情,他迈着肌肉结实的双腿轻快地走着,仿佛在滑行,毫不费力地将身体挺得笔直,这与和他一起行进、脚步沉重的士兵形成鲜明对比。他紧贴腿边握着一把已出鞘的窄剑(小而弯曲,不像真正的兵器),时而看看上级军官,时而回头看看士兵,脚步丝毫不乱,整个强壮的身体灵活地转动。仿佛他全部的灵魂都集中在如何以最出色的方式经过指挥官身上,而且觉得自己做得很好,因此满心欢喜。“左……左……左……”他似乎在每两步之间对自己默念;随着节拍,背着背包和火枪的士兵队伍--表情严肃而各异--踏着整齐的步伐,这一数百人的队列中每个人似乎都在每两步之间对自己默念:“左……左……左……”一名肥胖的少校绕过灌木丛,气喘吁吁,步伐乱了;一个掉队的士兵脸上带着对违纪的惊慌,小跑着追上来,喘着粗气想赶上自己的连>>。一颗实心弹划破空气,从巴格拉季翁及其随从头顶飞过,落在队列中,恰好落在“左……左!”的节拍上。“靠拢!”连长用快活的声音喊道。士兵们半圆形地绕过炮弹落下的地方,一名老骑兵--站在侧翼、在死者身边停下的军士--奔跑着追赶自己的排,跳着跟上步伐,愤怒地回头看了一眼;在那不祥的沉默和整齐的步伐声交织中,似乎能听到左……左……左……

🔊
self-satisfaction /ˌself sætɪsˈfækʃən/
n. 自满,自我满足
🔊
parade /pəˈreɪd/
n. 阅兵,游行
🔊
muscular /ˈmʌskjələr/
adj. 肌肉发达的,强壮的
🔊
sailing /ˈseɪlɪŋ/
v. 航行,滑行
🔊
stretching /ˈstretʃɪŋ/
v. 伸展,拉伸
🔊
contrasting /kənˈtræstɪŋ/
v. 对比,形成对照
🔊
unsheathed /ʌnˈʃiːðd/
adj. 未入鞘的,拔出的
🔊
weapon /ˈwepən/
n. 武器
🔊
flexibly /ˈfleksəbli/
adv. 灵活地,柔韧地
🔊
alternate /ɔːlˈtɜːrnət/
adj. 交替的,间隔的
🔊
stern /stɜːrn/
adj. 严厉的,严肃的
🔊
varied /ˈverid/
adj. 各种各样的,不同的
🔊
burdened /ˈbɜːrdənd/
adj. 负载的,沉重的
🔊
knapsacks /ˈnæpsæks/
n. 背包,行囊
🔊
major /ˈmeɪdʒər/
n. 少校
🔊
skirted /skɜːrtɪd/
v. 绕行,沿着边缘走
🔊
puffing /ˈpʌfɪŋ/
v. 喘气,喘息
🔊
defection /dɪˈfekʃən/
n. 背叛,脱队
🔊
trot /trɒt/
n. 小跑,碎步跑
🔊
panting /ˈpæntɪŋ/
v. 喘气,喘息
🔊
cannon ball /ˈkænən bɔːl/
n. 炮弹
🔊
cleaving /ˈkliːvɪŋ/
v. 劈开,穿过
🔊
measure /ˈmeʒər/
n. 节拍,度量
🔊
jaunty /ˈdʒɔːnti/
adj. 轻松活泼的,得意的
🔊
semicircle /ˈsemɪsɜːrkəl/
n. 半圆形
🔊
trooper /ˈtruːpər/
n. 骑兵,士兵
🔊
noncommissioned officer /ˌnɒnkəˈmɪʃənd ˈɒfɪsər/
n. 士官
🔊
hop /hɒp/
n. 单脚跳,跳跃
🔊
ominous /ˈɒmɪnəs/
adj. 不祥的,预兆的
🔊
tramp /træmp/
n. 沉重脚步声
🔊
unison /ˈjuːnɪsən/
n. 一致,同时行动
🔊
close up /kləʊs ʌp/
v. 靠近,收拢队形

“干得好,小伙子们!”巴格拉季翁公爵说道。

“愿效劳,大人!”队列中传来混乱的喊声。左侧行进的一名阴郁的士兵一边喊,一边用目光盯着巴格拉季翁>>,表情似乎在说:“这我们自己知道!”另一个士兵没有回头,仿佛怕松懈,张着嘴大喊着走了过去。

🔊
ex'len-lency /ɪɡˈzlenlənsi/
n. 阁下(口语缩略形式)
🔊
confused /kənˈfjuːzd/
adj. 困惑的,混乱的
🔊
morose /məˈrəʊs/
adj. 阴郁的,脾气不好的
🔊
relax /rɪˈlæks/
v. 放松,松懈

命令下达:停止前进,放下背包。

巴格拉季翁绕行经过已走过他面前的队列,翻身下马。他把缰绳交给一名哥萨克>>,脱下并递出自己的毡外套,伸展双腿,正了正军帽。法军纵队的前锋在军官的带领下从山脚下出现了。

🔊
dismounted /dɪsˈmaʊntɪd/
v. 下马
🔊
reins /reɪnz/
n. 缰绳
🔊
Cossack /ˈkɒsæk/
n. 哥萨克(骑兵)
🔊
felt coat /felt kəʊt/
n. 毡外套
🔊
stretched /stretʃt/
v. 伸展,伸开
🔊
handed over /ˈhændɪd ˈəʊvər/
v. 交出,移交

“前进,以上帝之名!”巴格拉季翁用坚决而洪亮的声音说道,短暂地转向最前列,然后微微摆动手臂,以骑兵笨拙的步伐不安地走过崎岖的田野。安德烈公爵感到一股无形的力量引领着他向前,心中体验到了极大的幸福。

🔊
resolute /ˈrezəluːt/
adj. 坚决的,果断的
🔊
sonorous /ˈsɒnərəs/
adj. 洪亮的,响亮的
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swinging /ˈswɪŋɪŋ/
v. 摆动,摆动
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uneasily /ʌnˈiːzɪli/
adv. 不安地,局促地
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rough /rʌf/
adj. 粗糙的,崎岖的
🔊
awkward /ˈɔːkwərd/
adj. 笨拙的,尴尬的
🔊
gait /ɡeɪt/
n. 步态,步伐
🔊
cavalryman /ˈkævəlrimən/
n. 骑兵

法军已经逼近。安德烈公爵走在巴格拉季翁身边,能清晰地分辨出他们的子弹带、红色肩章,甚至他们的面孔。(他清楚地看见一位法军老军官,穿着绑腿裤、脚尖外翻,吃力地爬上山坡。)巴格拉季翁公爵没有下达更多命令,只是沉默地继续走在队列前方。突然,法军那边接连响起枪声,他们参差不齐的队列上方出现烟雾,火枪声响起。我方几名士兵倒下,其中包括那位刚才还兴高采烈、得意洋洋的圆脸军官。但枪声初起之时,巴格拉季翁回头喊道:“乌拉!”

🔊
bandoliers /ˌbændəˈlɪərz/
n. 子弹带
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epaulets /ˈepəlets/
n. 肩章
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distinctly /dɪˈstɪŋktli/
adv. 清楚地,清晰地
🔊
gaitered /ˈɡeɪtərd/
adj. 穿绑腿的
🔊
turned-out /tɜːrnd aʊt/
adj. 外翻的,向外翘的
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climbed /klaɪmd/
v. 爬,攀登
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difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/
n. 困难,艰难
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further /ˈfɜːrðər/
adj. 进一步的,更远的
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shot /ʃɒt/
n. 射击,枪声
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rang out /ræŋ aʊt/
v. 响起,发出响亮的声音
🔊
sounded /ˈsaʊndɪd/
v. 发出声音,听起来
🔊
gaily /ˈɡeɪli/
adv. 快乐地,愉快地
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complacently /kəmˈpleɪsəntli/
adv. 自满地,得意地
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report /rɪˈpɔːrt/
n. 枪声,爆炸声
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Hurrah /hʊˈrɑː/
interj. 乌拉(欢呼声)
🔊
musket shots /ˈmʌskɪt ʃɒts/
n. 火枪射击声
🔊 "Hurrah-ah!-ah!" rang a long-drawn shout from our ranks, and passing Bagration and racing one another they rushed in an irregular but joyous and eager crowd down the hill at their disordered foe.

“乌拉--啊--啊!”我方队列中传来拖长的喊声,士兵们越过巴格拉季翁>>,争先恐后地冲下山坡,形成一群不规则但欢乐而急切的人潮,扑向混乱的敌军。

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long-drawn /lɒŋ drɔːn/
adj. 拉长的,持续的
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racing /ˈreɪsɪŋ/
v. 赛跑,疾驰
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irregular /ɪˈreɡjʊlər/
adj. 不规则的,无规律的
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joyous /ˈdʒɔɪəs/
adj. 欢乐的,高兴的
🔊
eager /ˈiːɡər/
adj. 渴望的,热切的
🔊
disordered /dɪsˈɔːrdərd/
adj. 混乱的,无序的
🔊
foe /fəʊ/
n. 敌人,仇敌
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翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。