🔊 This letter had not yet been presented to the Emperor when Barclay, one day at dinner, informed Bolkónski that the sovereign wished to see him personally, to question him about Turkey, and that Prince Andrew was to present himself at Bennigsen’s quarters at six that evening.

这封信还未呈递给皇帝,一日晚餐时,巴克莱告知博尔孔斯基,沙皇希望亲自接见他,询问有关土耳其的情况,并让安德烈公爵当晚六点到本尼格森的住处报到。

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Emperor /ˈɛmpərər/

n. 皇帝,君主➕

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sovereign /ˈsɒvrɪn/

n. 君主,最高统治者➕

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personally /ˈpɜːrsənəli/

adv. 亲自地,个人地➕

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quarters /ˈkwɔːrtərz/

n. 住处,营房；四分之一➕

🔊 News was received at the Emperor’s quarters that very day of a fresh movement by Napoleon which might endanger the army--news subsequently found to be false. And that morning Colonel Michaud had ridden round the Drissa fortifications with the Emperor and had pointed out to him that this fortified camp constructed by Pfuel, and till then considered a chef-d’oeuvre of tactical science which would ensure Napoleon’s destruction, was an absurdity, threatening the destruction of the Russian army.

就在当天,皇帝的驻地收到消息,说拿破仑有新动向,可能危及大军--后来证实这消息是假的。那天早晨,上校米绍曾陪同皇帝巡视德里萨的防御工事,并向皇帝指出,这个由普弗尔建造、此前被认为是战术科学杰作、能确保击败拿破仑的设防营地,其实是一个荒谬的东西,只会威胁俄国军队的覆灭。

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endanger /ɪnˈdeɪndʒər/

v. 危及,使遭受危险➕

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subsequently /ˈsʌbsɪkwəntli/

adv. 随后,后来➕

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fortifications /ˌfɔːrtɪfɪˈkeɪʃənz/

n. 防御工事,堡垒➕

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constructed /kənˈstrʌktɪd/

v. 建造,构筑（construct的过去分词）➕

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tactical /ˈtæktɪkəl/

adj. 战术的,策略性的➕

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ensure /ɪnˈʃʊr/

v. 确保,保证➕

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destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

n. 毁灭,破坏➕

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absurdity /əbˈsɜːrdɪti/

n. 荒谬,荒唐➕

🔊

threatening /ˈθrɛtənɪŋ/

adj. 威胁的,危险的➕

🔊 Prince Andrew arrived at Bennigsen’s quarters--a country gentleman’s house of moderate size, situated on the very banks of the river. Neither Bennigsen nor the Emperor was there, but Chernýshev, the Emperor’s aide-de-camp, received Bolkónski and informed him that the Emperor, accompanied by General Bennigsen and Marquis Paulucci, had gone a second time that day to inspect the fortifications of the Drissa camp, of the suitability of which serious doubts were beginning to be felt.

安德烈公爵到达本尼格森的住处--一座河边的中等乡间宅邸。本尼格森和皇帝都不在,但皇帝的副官切尔内绍夫接待了博尔孔斯基,并告知他皇帝由将军本尼格森和侯爵保卢奇陪同,当天已第二次去视察德里萨营地的防御工事了,人们对工事的适宜性开始产生严重怀疑。

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moderate /ˈmɒdərɪt/

adj. 适度的,中等的➕

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situated /ˈsɪtʃueɪtɪd/

adj. 位于,坐落于➕

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accompanied /əˈkʌmpənid/

v. 陪伴,伴随（accompany的过去分词）➕

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inspect /ɪnˈspekt/

v. 检查,视察➕

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suitability /ˌsuːtəˈbɪləti/

n. 合适性,适宜性➕

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aide-de-camp /ˈeɪd də ˌkɑ̃/

n. 副官,侍从武官➕

🔊 Chernýshev was sitting at a window in the first room with a French novel in his hand. This room had probably been a music room; there was still an organ in it on which some rugs were piled, and in one corner stood the folding bedstead of Bennigsen’s adjutant. This adjutant was also there and sat dozing on the rolled-up bedding, evidently exhausted by work or by feasting. Two doors led from the room, one straight on into what had been the drawing room, and another, on the right, to the study. Through the first door came the sound of voices conversing in German and occasionally in French. In that drawing room were gathered, by the Emperor’s wish, not a military council (the Emperor preferred indefiniteness), but certain persons whose opinions he wished to know in view of the impending difficulties. It was not a council of war, but, as it were, a council to elucidate certain questions for the Emperor personally. To this semicouncil had been invited the Swedish General Armfeldt, Adjutant General Wolzogen, Wintzingerode (whom Napoleon had referred to as a renegade French subject), Michaud, Toll, Count Stein who was not a military man at all, and Pfuel himself, who, as Prince Andrew had heard, was the mainspring of the whole affair. Prince Andrew had an opportunity of getting a good look at him, for Pfuel arrived soon after himself and, in passing through to the drawing room, stopped a minute to speak to Chernýshev.

切尔内绍夫坐在第一个房间的窗前,手里拿着一本法语小说。这个房间从前大概是音乐室；里面还有一架管风琴,琴上堆着几块地毯,角落里放着本尼格森副官的折叠床。那位副官也在,正坐在卷起的铺盖上打盹,显然是因为公务或宴饮而疲惫不堪。两个门从这房间通向别处:一个直通原先的客厅,另一个在右边,通向书房。从第一个门传来用德语和偶尔用法语交谈的声音。在那个客厅里,按照皇帝的意愿,聚集的不是一个军事会议（皇帝更喜欢含糊其辞）,而是他想听取意见的某些人,以应对即将来临的困难。这并非作战会议,而更像是为皇帝个人阐明某些问题的会议。被邀请参加这个半会议的有瑞典将军阿姆菲尔特、副官将军沃尔佐根、温岑格罗德（拿破仑曾称他为叛变的法国臣民）、米绍、托尔、根本不懂军事的施泰因伯爵,以及普弗尔本人--据安德烈公爵所知,他是整个事件的主心骨。安德烈公爵有机会好好打量他,因为普弗尔在他之后不久就来了,穿过客厅时停下来和切尔内绍夫说了一会儿话。

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adjutant /ˈædʒʊtənt/

n. 副官,助手➕

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dozing /ˈdoʊzɪŋ/

v. 打瞌睡,小睡➕

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rolled-up /ˈroʊld ʌp/

adj. 卷起的,成卷的➕

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bedding /ˈbɛdɪŋ/

n. 寝具,床上用品➕

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exhausted /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

adj. 筋疲力尽的,耗尽的➕

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feasting /ˈfiːstɪŋ/

v. 盛宴,大吃大喝➕

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drawing room /ˈdrɔːɪŋ ruːm/

n. 客厅,起居室➕

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study /ˈstʌdi/

n. 书房,学习室➕

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conversing /kənˈvɜːrsɪŋ/

v. 交谈,谈话➕

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occasionally /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

adv. 偶尔,有时候➕

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council /ˈkaʊnsəl/

n. 委员会,会议➕

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indefiniteness /ɪnˈdɛfɪnɪtnəs/

n. 不确定性,模糊➕

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impending /ɪmˈpendɪŋ/

adj. 即将发生的,迫在眉睫的➕

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elucidate /ɪˈluːsɪdeɪt/

v. 阐明,解释➕

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semicouncil /ˈsɛmiˌkaʊnsəl/

n. 半会议,非正式会议➕

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renegade /ˈrɛnɪɡeɪd/

n. 叛徒,背叛者➕

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mainspring /ˈmeɪnsprɪŋ/

n. 主要动机,主发条➕

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folding /ˈfoʊldɪŋ/

adj. 可折叠的➕

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bedstead /ˈbɛdˌstɛd/

n. 床架➕

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referred /rɪˈfɜːrd/

v. 提及,参考（refer的过去式）➕

🔊 At first sight, Pfuel, in his ill-made uniform of a Russian general, which fitted him badly like a fancy costume, seemed familiar to Prince Andrew, though he saw him now for the first time. There was about him something of Weyrother, Mack, and Schmidt, and many other German theorist-generals whom Prince Andrew had seen in 1805, but he was more typical than any of them. Prince Andrew had never yet seen a German theorist in whom all the characteristics of those others were united to such an extent.

乍一看,普弗尔穿着他那件做工粗劣的俄国将军制服,像化装服一样不合身,却让安德烈公爵觉得眼熟,尽管他这是头一次见到他。他身上有几分魏罗特尔、马克和施密特的影子,还有许多其他德国理论将军的影子--安德烈公爵在1805年见过他们--但他比其中任何人都更具典型性。安德烈公爵从未见过一个德国理论家能如此集中地体现所有这些特征。

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ill-made /ˈɪl meɪd/

adj. 制作粗劣的,款式差的➕

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fancy /ˈfænsi/

adj. 华丽的,精美的➕

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costume /ˈkɒstjuːm/

n. 服装,戏装➕

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typical /ˈtɪpɪkəl/

adj. 典型的,有代表性的➕

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characteristics /ˌkærɪktəˈrɪstɪks/

n. 特征,特点（复数）➕

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united /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

adj. 联合的,统一的➕

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extent /ɪkˈstent/

n. 程度,范围➕

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theorist-generals /ˈθɪərɪst ˈdʒɛnərəlz/

n. 理论家将军（复数）➕

🔊 Pfuel was short and very thin but broad-boned, of coarse, robust build, broad in the hips, and with prominent shoulder blades. His face was much wrinkled and his eyes deep set. His hair had evidently been hastily brushed smooth in front of the temples, but stuck up behind in quaint little tufts. He entered the room, looking restlessly and angrily around, as if afraid of everything in that large apartment. Awkwardly holding up his sword, he addressed Chernýshev and asked in German where the Emperor was. One could see that he wished to pass through the rooms as quickly as possible, finish with the bows and greetings, and sit down to business in front of a map, where he would feel at home. He nodded hurriedly in reply to Chernýshev, and smiled ironically on hearing that the sovereign was inspecting the fortifications that he, Pfuel, had planned in accord with his theory. He muttered something to himself abruptly and in a bass voice, as self-assured Germans do--it might have been "stupid fellow"... or "the whole affair will be ruined," or "something absurd will come of it..." Prince Andrew did not catch what he said and would have passed on, but Chernýshev introduced him to Pfuel, remarking that Prince Andrew was just back from Turkey where the war had terminated so fortunately. Pfuel barely glanced--not so much at Prince Andrew as past him--and said, with a laugh: "That must have been a fine tactical war"; and, laughing contemptuously, went on into the room from which the sound of voices was heard.

普弗尔身材矮小瘦削,但骨架宽大,粗壮结实,臀部宽,肩胛骨突出。他满脸皱纹,眼睛深陷。头发显然只是匆忙地把前额左右捋平,脑后却翘起几撮古怪的小簇。他走进房间,不安而恼怒地环顾四周,仿佛害怕这个大屋子里的什么东西。他笨拙地提着剑,对切尔内绍夫说话,用德语问皇帝在哪里。可以看出他想尽快穿过这些房间,结束寒暄问候,然后坐到地图前开始工作,那时他才会觉得自在。他匆忙点头回应切尔内绍夫,当听说沙皇正在视察他根据自己理论设计的防御工事时,他讽刺地笑了笑。他像自信的德国人那样,突然用低沉的声音咕哝了几句,可能是“蠢货……”,或者“整个事情会完蛋”,或者“会闹出什么荒唐事来……”安德烈公爵没听清他说什么,本打算走过去,但切尔内绍夫把他介绍给普弗尔,说安德烈公爵刚从土耳其回来,那场战争结束得很顺利。普弗尔几乎没有看安德烈公爵--不是看他,而是看他身后--笑着说:“那一定是一场精彩的战术战争。”然后轻蔑地笑着,走进了传出说话声的房间。

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broad-boned /ˈbrɔːd boʊnd/

adj. 骨架宽大的➕

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coarse /kɔːrs/

adj. 粗糙的,粗劣的➕

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robust /roʊˈbʌst/

adj. 强壮的,健壮的➕

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prominent /ˈprɒmɪnənt/

adj. 突出的,显著的➕

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shoulder blades /ˈʃoʊldər bleɪdz/

n. 肩胛骨➕

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wrinkled /ˈrɪŋkəld/

adj. 有皱纹的,起皱的➕

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deep set /diːp sɛt/

adj. 深陷的（眼睛）➕

🔊

hastily /ˈheɪstɪli/

adv. 匆忙地,仓促地➕

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temples /ˈtɛmpəlz/

n. 太阳穴➕

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quaint /kweɪnt/

adj. 古雅的,稀奇有趣的➕

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tufts /tʌfts/

n. 一簇,一束（头发、草等）➕

🔊

restlessly /ˈrɛstləsli/

adv. 不安地,焦躁地➕

🔊

apartment /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

n. 公寓,房间➕

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awkwardly /ˈɔːkwərdli/

adv. 笨拙地,尴尬地➕

🔊

addressed /əˈdrɛst/

v. 对……讲话,称呼（address的过去式）➕

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ironically /aɪˈrɒnɪkli/

adv. 讽刺地,反讽地➕

🔊

accord /əˈkɔːrd/

n. 一致,协议➕

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theory /ˈθɪəri/

n. 理论,学说➕

🔊

muttered /ˈmʌtərd/

v. 咕哝,嘀咕（mutter的过去式）➕

🔊

abruptly /əˈbrʌptli/

adv. 突然地,唐突地➕

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bass /beɪs/

adj. 低音的,低沉的➕

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self-assured /ˌsɛlf əˈʃʊrd/

adj. 自信的,有把握的➕

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absurd /əbˈsɜːrd/

adj. 荒谬的,可笑的➕

🔊

introduced /ˌɪntrəˈduːst/

v. 介绍,引进（introduce的过去式）➕

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remarking /rɪˈmɑːrkɪŋ/

v. 评论,说起（remark的现在分词）➕

🔊

terminated /ˈtɜːrmɪneɪtɪd/

v. 终止,结束（terminate的过去式）➕

🔊

fortunately /ˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

adv. 幸运地,幸亏➕

🔊

barely /ˈberli/

adv. 几乎不,勉强➕

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glanced /ɡlænst/

v. 瞥视,匆匆一看（glance的过去式）➕

🔊

contemptuously /kənˈtɛmptʃuəsli/

adv. 轻蔑地,鄙视地➕

🔊 Pfuel, always inclined to be irritably sarcastic, was particularly disturbed that day, evidently by the fact that they had dared to inspect and criticize his camp in his absence. From this short interview with Pfuel, Prince Andrew, thanks to his Austerlitz experiences, was able to form a clear conception of the man. Pfuel was one of those hopelessly and immutably self-confident men, self-confident to the point of martyrdom as only Germans are, because only Germans are self-confident on the basis of an abstract notion--science, that is, the supposed knowledge of absolute truth. A Frenchman is self-assured because he regards himself personally, both in mind and body, as irresistibly attractive to men and women. An Englishman is self-assured, as being a citizen of the best-organized state in the world, and therefore as an Englishman always knows what he should do and knows that all he does as an Englishman is undoubtedly correct. An Italian is self-assured because he is excitable and easily forgets himself and other people. A Russian is self-assured just because he knows nothing and does not want to know anything, since he does not believe that anything can be known. The German’s self-assurance is worst of all, stronger and more repulsive than any other, because he imagines that he knows the truth--science--which he himself has invented but which is for him the absolute truth.

普弗尔本来就爱尖刻讽刺,那天尤其心烦意乱,显然是因为他们竟敢在他不在场时视察和批评他的营地。经过这次与普弗尔的简短会面,安德烈公爵凭借他在奥斯特里茨的经验,对这个人的性格有了清晰的认识。普弗尔是那种无可救药、一成不变、自信到近乎殉道的人--只有德国人才会如此,因为只有德国人是基于抽象概念--即科学,也就是自以为掌握了绝对真理--而自信。法国人的自信在于他自认为无论身心都对男女具有不可抗拒的吸引力。英国人的自信在于他是世界上组织最完善的国家的一员,因此作为英国人,他永远知道自己该做什么,并且知道自己作为英国人做的一切都毫无疑问是正确的。意大利人的自信在于他容易激动,容易忘掉自己和别人。俄国人的自信在于他什么都不知道,也不想知道,因为他认为什么都不可能知道。德国人的自信最糟糕,比任何其他都更强烈、更令人反感,因为他自以为掌握了真理--科学--这真理是他自己发明的,但对他来说却是绝对真理。

🔊

inclined /ɪnˈklaɪnd/

adj. 倾向于……的,有……倾向的➕

🔊

irritably /ˈɪrɪtəbli/

adv. 易怒地,烦躁地➕

🔊

sarcastic /sɑːrˈkæstɪk/

adj. 讽刺的,挖苦的➕

🔊

disturbed /dɪˈstɜːrbd/

adj. 不安的,烦恼的➕

🔊

conception /kənˈsɛpʃən/

n. 概念,观念,构想➕

🔊

hopelessly /ˈhoʊpləsli/

adv. 绝望地,无可救药地➕

🔊

immutably /ɪˈmjuːtəbli/

adv. 不变地,永恒地➕

🔊

self-confident /ˌsɛlf ˈkɒnfɪdənt/

adj. 自信的➕

🔊

martyrdom /ˈmɑːrtərdəm/

n. 殉难,牺牲➕

🔊

abstract /ˈæbstrækt/

adj. 抽象的,理论性的➕

🔊

notion /ˈnoʊʃən/

n. 概念,观念,看法➕

🔊

supposed /səˈpoʊzd/

adj. 假定的,所谓的➕

🔊

absolute /ˈæbsəluːt/

adj. 绝对的,完全的➕

🔊

irresistibly /ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbli/

adv. 不可抗拒地,无法抵抗地➕

🔊

repulsive /rɪˈpʌlsɪv/

adj. 令人厌恶的,排斥的➕

🔊

excitable /ɪkˈsaɪtəbəl/

adj. 易激动的,易兴奋的➕

🔊

best-organized /ˈbɛst ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/

adj. 组织最好的➕

🔊

undoubtedly /ʌnˈdaʊtɪdli/

adv. 毫无疑问地➕

🔊 Pfuel was evidently of that sort. He had a science--the theory of oblique movements deduced by him from the history of Frederick the Great’s wars, and all he came across in the history of more recent warfare seemed to him absurd and barbarous--monstrous collisions in which so many blunders were committed by both sides that these wars could not be called wars, they did not accord with the theory, and therefore could not serve as material for science. In 1806 Pfuel had been one of those responsible, for the plan of campaign that ended in Jena and Auerstädt, but he did not see the least proof of the fallibility of his theory in the disasters of that war. On the contrary, the deviations made from his theory were, in his opinion, the sole cause of the whole disaster, and with characteristically gleeful sarcasm he would remark, "There, I said the whole affair would go to the devil!" Pfuel was one of those theoreticians who so love their theory that they lose sight of the theory’s object--its practical application. His love of theory made him hate everything practical, and he would not listen to it. He was even pleased by failures, for failures resulting from deviations in practice from the theory only proved to him the accuracy of his theory.

普弗尔显然就是这种人。他有一套科学--即他从腓特烈大帝战争史中推导出的斜线运动理论,而他遇到的所有近代战争史在他看来都是荒谬野蛮的--那些双方都犯下无数错误的可怕冲突,这些战争不能被称为战争,它们不符合理论,因此不能作为科学的材料。1806年,普弗尔是负责制定作战计划的人之一,该计划以耶拿和奥尔施泰特告终,但他并不认为那场战争的失败证明了他的理论有丝毫错误。相反,在他看来,所有偏离他理论的行为才是整个灾难的唯一原因,他带着特有的得意讽刺说:“瞧,我早就说过整个事情会完蛋！”普弗尔是那种热爱理论到忘记理论目的--实际应用--的理论家之一。对理论的热爱使他憎恨一切实际的东西,他不愿听取实际的意见。他甚至对失败感到高兴,因为实践中偏离理论而导致的失败只向他证明了他的理论的正确。

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oblique /əˈbliːk/

adj. 斜的,间接的➕

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deduced /dɪˈduːst/

v. 推断,演绎（deduce的过去式）➕

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warfare /ˈwɔːrfer/

n. 战争,作战➕

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barbarous /ˈbɑːrbərəs/

adj. 野蛮的,残暴的➕

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monstrous /ˈmɒnstrəs/

adj. 巨大的,骇人听闻的➕

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collisions /kəˈlɪʒənz/

n. 碰撞,冲突（复数）➕

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blunders /ˈblʌndərz/

n. 愚蠢的错误,大错（复数）➕

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fallibility /ˌfælɪˈbɪləti/

n. 易错性,犯错倾向➕

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deviations /ˌdiːviˈeɪʃənz/

n. 偏离,偏差（复数）➕

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gleeful /ˈɡliːfəl/

adj. 高兴的,欣喜的（常带恶意）➕

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sarcasm /ˈsɑːrkæzəm/

n. 讽刺,挖苦➕

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theoreticians /ˌθɪərɪˈtɪʃənz/

n. 理论家（复数）➕

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application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/

n. 应用,申请➕

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sole /soʊl/

adj. 唯一的,单独的➕

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characteristically /ˌkærɪktəˈrɪstɪkli/

adv. 典型地,特有地➕

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accuracy /ˈækjərəsi/

n. 准确性,精确度➕

🔊 He said a few words to Prince Andrew and Chernýshev about the present war, with the air of a man who knows beforehand that all will go wrong, and who is not displeased that it should be so. The unbrushed tufts of hair sticking up behind and the hastily brushed hair on his temples expressed this most eloquently.

他对安德烈公爵和切尔内绍夫说了几句关于当前战争的话,神态就像一个事先知道一切都会出问题,并且对此并不感到不快的人。他脑后未梳理的翘起发簇和匆忙梳平的鬓角头发最雄辩地表达了这一点。

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beforehand /bɪˈfɔːrhænd/

adv. 事先,预先➕

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displeased /dɪsˈpliːzd/

adj. 不悦的,不满意的➕

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unbrushed /ʌnˈbrʌʃt/

adj. 未梳理的,未刷过的➕

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eloquently /ˈɛləkwəntli/

adv. 雄辩地,有口才地➕

🔊 He passed into the next room, and the deep, querulous sounds of his voice were at once heard from there.

他走进隔壁房间,那里立刻传来他低沉而怨怼的声音。

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querulous /ˈkwɛrʊləs/

adj. 爱抱怨的,易发牢骚的➕

Book Nine: 1812 – Chapter ten (第十章)

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