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Book VIII. The Wicked Poor Man – Chapter five: A Providential Peephole (第五章:天赐的窥孔)

探索《悲惨世界》第5章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细IELTS词汇及解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提升你的阅读能力。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)
🔊 Marius had lived for five years in poverty, in destitution, even in distress, but he now perceived that he had not known real misery. True misery he had but just had a view of. It was its spectre which had just passed before his eyes. In fact, he who has only beheld the misery of man has seen nothing; the misery of woman is what he must see; he who has seen only the misery of woman has seen nothing; he must see the misery of the child.

马吕斯在贫困、匮乏甚至困苦中度过了五年,但他现在才意识到自己从未真正了解过苦难。他刚刚瞥见的,才是苦难的真面目。那只是它的幽灵刚刚从他眼前掠过。的确,一个人若只见过男人的苦难,那还不算什么;他必须见识女人的苦难;而若只见过女人的苦难,那也还不够;他必须见识孩子的苦难。

🔊
poverty /ˈpɒvəti/
n. 贫困,贫穷
🔊
destitution /ˌdestɪˈtjuːʃn/
n. 赤贫,穷困
🔊
distress /dɪˈstres/
n. 痛苦,悲痛
🔊
perceived /pəˈsiːvd/
v. 察觉,意识到
🔊
misery /ˈmɪzəri/
n. 苦难,不幸
🔊
spectre /ˈspektə(r)/
n. 幽灵,鬼魂;(比喻)恐惧的根源
🔊
beheld /bɪˈheld/
v. 看见(behold的过去式)
🔊 When a man has reached his last extremity, he has reached his last resources at the same time. Woe to the defenceless beings who surround him! Work, wages, bread, fire, courage, good will, all fail him simultaneously. The light of day seems extinguished without, the moral light within; in these shadows man encounters the feebleness of the woman and the child, and bends them violently to ignominy.

当一个人走到绝境时,他的最后资源也同时耗尽。他身边那些毫无防备的人,多么可悲啊!工作、工资、面包、炉火、勇气、善意,全都同时离他而去。外在的阳光似乎熄灭,内在的道德之光也黯然消逝;在这黑暗中,男人会遇到女人和孩子的软弱,并粗暴地将他们逼入耻辱的境地。

🔊
Woe /wəʊ/
n. 悲哀,苦恼
🔊
extremity /ɪkˈstreməti/
n. 极端,困境
🔊
defenceless /dɪˈfensləs/
adj. 无法自卫的,无保护的
🔊
simultaneously /ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəsli/
adv. 同时地
🔊
extinguished /ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/
v. 熄灭,扑灭
🔊
encounters /ɪnˈkaʊntəz/
v. 遭遇,相遇
🔊
feebleness /ˈfiːblnəs/
n. 虚弱,无力
🔊
ignominy /ˈɪɡnəmɪni/
n. 耻辱,不名誉
🔊
shadows /ˈʃædəʊz/
n. 阴影,黑暗
🔊 Then all horrors become possible. Despair is surrounded with fragile partitions which all open on either vice or crime.

于是,一切恐怖都变得可能。绝望被脆弱的隔板包围,这些隔板要么通向恶习,要么通向犯罪。

🔊
horrors /ˈhɒrəz/
n. 恐怖,可怕的事物
🔊
despair /dɪˈspeə(r)/
n. 绝望
🔊
fragile /ˈfrædʒaɪl/
adj. 脆弱的,易碎的
🔊
partitions /pɑːˈtɪʃnz/
n. 隔板,分隔
🔊
vice /vaɪs/
n. 邪恶,堕落
🔊 Health, youth, honor, all the shy delicacies of the young body, the heart, virginity, modesty, that epidermis of the soul, are manipulated in sinister wise by that fumbling which seeks resources, which encounters opprobrium, and which accommodates itself to it. Fathers, mothers, children, brothers, sisters, men, women, daughters, adhere and become incorporated, almost like a mineral formation, in that dusky promiscuousness of sexes, relationships, ages, infamies, and innocences. They crouch, back to back, in a sort of hut of fate. They exchange woebegone glances. Oh, the unfortunate wretches! How pale they are! How cold they are! It seems as though they dwelt in a planet much further from the sun than ours.

健康、青春、荣誉,年轻身体的所有羞涩娇嫩、心灵、童贞、廉耻--这灵魂的表皮--都在那种摸索中被阴险地操纵,这种摸索试图寻找资源,却遭遇耻辱,并顺应了它。父亲、母亲、孩子、兄弟、姐妹、男人、女人、女儿,互相依附,几乎像矿物结晶一样,融入那种性别、关系、年龄、卑劣与纯真交织的污秽混杂中。他们背靠背蜷缩在命运般的小屋里,交换着愁苦的目光。啊,那些不幸的人!多么苍白!多么寒冷!仿佛他们居住在一颗比我们离太阳远得多的星球上。

🔊
delicacies /ˈdelɪkəsiz/
n. 微妙之处,精致
🔊
virginity /vəˈdʒɪnəti/
n. 童贞,纯洁
🔊
modesty /ˈmɒdəsti/
n. 谦逊,端庄
🔊
epidermis /ˌepɪˈdɜːmɪs/
n. 表皮,外层
🔊
manipulated /məˈnɪpjuleɪtɪd/
v. 操纵,处理
🔊
sinister /ˈsɪnɪstə(r)/
adj. 邪恶的,不祥的
🔊
fumbling /ˈfʌmblɪŋ/
n. 摸索,笨拙的举动
🔊
opprobrium /əˈprəʊbriəm/
n. 耻辱,责难
🔊
accommodates /əˈkɒmədeɪts/
v. 适应,容纳
🔊
adhere /ədˈhɪə(r)/
v. 粘附,遵守
🔊
incorporated /ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪtɪd/
adj. 合并的,紧密结合的
🔊
mineral /ˈmɪnərəl/
adj. 矿物的,无机物的
🔊
dusky /ˈdʌski/
adj. 昏暗的,朦胧的
🔊
promiscuousness /prəˈmɪskjuəsnəs/
n. 混杂,混乱
🔊
infamies /ˈɪnfəmiz/
n. 丑行,恶名
🔊
innocences /ˈɪnəsnsɪz/
n. 无辜(复数形式,指各种无辜之事)
🔊
crouch /kraʊtʃ/
v. 蹲伏,蜷缩
🔊
woebegone /ˈwəʊbɪɡɒn/
adj. 愁容满面的
🔊
wretches /ˈretʃɪz/
n. 可怜的人(复数)
🔊
dwelt /dwelt/
v. 居住(dwell的过去式)
🔊 This young girl was to Marius a sort of messenger from the realm of sad shadows. She revealed to him a hideous side of the night.

这个年轻女孩对马吕斯来说,像是悲伤阴影领域派来的信使。她向他揭示了黑夜中可怕的一面。

🔊
messenger /ˈmesɪndʒə(r)/
n. 信使,传信者
🔊
realm /relm/
n. 领域,王国
🔊
hideous /ˈhɪdiəs/
adj. 可怕的,丑陋的
🔊
revealed /rɪˈviːld/
v. 揭露,显示
🔊 Marius almost reproached himself for the preoccupations of reverie and passion which had prevented his bestowing a glance on his neighbors up to that day. The payment of their rent had been a mechanical movement, which anyone would have yielded to; but he, Marius, should have done better than that. What! only a wall separated him from those abandoned beings who lived gropingly in the dark outside the pale of the rest of the world, he was elbow to elbow with them, he was, in some sort, the last link of the human race which they touched, he heard them live, or rather, rattle in the death agony beside him, and he paid no heed to them! Every day, every instant, he heard them walking on the other side of the wall, he heard them go, and come, and speak, and he did not even lend an ear! And groans lay in those words, and he did not even listen to them, his thoughts were elsewhere, given up to dreams, to impossible radiances, to loves in the air, to follies; and all the while, human creatures, his brothers in Jesus Christ, his brothers in the people, were agonizing in vain beside him! He even formed a part of their misfortune, and he aggravated it. For if they had had another neighbor who was less chimerical and more attentive, any ordinary and charitable man, evidently their indigence would have been noticed, their signals of distress would have been perceived, and they would have been taken hold of and rescued! They appeared very corrupt and very depraved, no doubt, very vile, very odious even; but those who fall without becoming degraded are rare; besides, there is a point where the unfortunate and the infamous unite and are confounded in a single word, a fatal word, "the miserable;" whose fault is this?

马吕斯几乎责备自己,那些冥想与热情的牵挂竟使他对邻居们视而不见,直到今天。支付房租只是一种机械的动作,任何人都会这么做;但他,马吕斯,本应做得更好。什么!仅仅一墙之隔,他就与那些被抛弃的人相邻,他们在黑暗外摸索着生活,与世隔绝,他与他们近在咫尺,在某种意义上,他是人类链环中他们触及的最后一环,他听见他们活着,或者更确切地说,在他身边垂死挣扎,而他却毫不在意!每天、每刻,他都听见他们在墙的另一边走动,听见他们来来回回,说话,他甚至不曾侧耳倾听!而那些话语中充满呻吟,他却连听都不听,他的思绪飘向别处,沉迷于幻梦、不可能的光辉、虚空中的爱恋和种种蠢行;而在这期间,人类同胞--他在耶稣基督里的弟兄,在民众中的弟兄--正在他身边徒劳地痛苦挣扎!他甚至成了他们不幸的一部分,并将其加剧。因为,如果他们有另一个更脚踏实地、更体贴的邻居,任何一个普通而仁慈的人,显然他们的贫困会被注意到,他们的求救信号会被察觉,他们就会被扶助和拯救!他们显得十分堕落和腐化,无疑非常卑微,甚至可憎;但跌倒而不堕落的人是罕见的;况且,不幸者与无耻者总会在一个致命的名词--“悲惨之人”--中交汇融合,这又是谁的过错呢?

🔊
reproached /rɪˈprəʊtʃt/
v. 责备,指责
🔊
preoccupations /priːˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃnz/
n. 全神贯注,忧心忡忡
🔊
reverie /ˈrevəri/
n. 幻想,白日梦
🔊
bestowing /bɪˈstəʊɪŋ/
v. 给予,授予
🔊
mechanical /məˈkænɪkl/
adj. 机械的,死板的
🔊
yielded /ˈjiːldɪd/
v. 屈服,让步
🔊
separated /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/
v. 分离,分开
🔊
abandoned /əˈbændənd/
adj. 被抛弃的,废弃的
🔊
gropingly /ˈɡrəʊpɪŋli/
adv. 摸索地,试探地
🔊
rattle /ˈrætl/
v. 发出嘎嘎声,使慌乱
🔊
agony /ˈæɡəni/
n. 极度痛苦
🔊
heed /hiːd/
n. 注意,留心
🔊
groans /ɡrəʊnz/
n. 呻吟声
🔊
elsewhere /ˌelsˈweə(r)/
adv. 在别处
🔊
radiances /ˈreɪdiənsɪz/
n. 光芒(复数)
🔊
follies /ˈfɒliz/
n. 愚蠢的行为(复数)
🔊
creatures /ˈkriːtʃəz/
n. 生物,人
🔊
agonizing /ˈæɡənaɪzɪŋ/
v. 感到极度痛苦(现在分词)
🔊
misfortune /ˌmɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn/
n. 不幸,厄运
🔊
aggravated /ˈæɡrəveɪtɪd/
v. 加剧,恶化
🔊
chimerical /kaɪˈmerɪkl/
adj. 幻想的,空想的
🔊
attentive /əˈtentɪv/
adj. 专注的,留心的
🔊
charitable /ˈtʃærətəbl/
adj. 慈善的,宽厚的
🔊
indigence /ˈɪndɪdʒəns/
n. 贫困,贫穷
🔊
noticed /ˈnəʊtɪst/
v. 注意到
🔊
rescued /ˈreskjuːd/
v. 营救,拯救
🔊
corrupt /kəˈrʌpt/
adj. 腐败的,堕落的
🔊
depraved /dɪˈpreɪvd/
adj. 堕落的,道德败坏的
🔊
vile /vaɪl/
adj. 卑鄙的,可耻的
🔊
odious /ˈəʊdiəs/
adj. 可憎的,令人厌恶的
🔊
degraded /dɪˈɡreɪdɪd/
adj. 堕落的,降级的
🔊
infamous /ˈɪnfəməs/
adj. 臭名昭著的
🔊
confounded /kənˈfaʊndɪd/
v. 使混淆,使困惑
🔊
fatal /ˈfeɪtl/
adj. 致命的,决定性的
🔊
miserable /ˈmɪzrəbl/
adj. 悲惨的,可怜的
🔊 And then should not the charity be all the more profound, in proportion as the fall is great? While reading himself this moral lesson, for there were occasions on which Marius, like all truly honest hearts, was his own pedagogue and scolded himself more than he deserved, he stared at the wall which separated him from the Jondrettes, as though he were able to make his gaze, full of pity, penetrate that partition and warm these wretched people. The wall was a thin layer of plaster upheld by lathes and beams, and, as the reader had just learned, it allowed the sound of voices and words to be clearly distinguished. Only a man as dreamy as Marius could have failed to perceive this long before. There was no paper pasted on the wall, either on the side of the Jondrettes or on that of Marius; the coarse construction was visible in its nakedness. Marius examined the partition, almost unconsciously; sometimes reverie examines, observes, and scrutinizes as thought would. All at once he sprang up; he had just perceived, near the top, close to the ceiling, a triangular hole, which resulted from the space between three lathes. The plaster which should have filled this cavity was missing, and by mounting on the commode, a view could be had through this aperture into the Jondrettes' attic. Commiseration has, and should have, its curiosity. This aperture formed a sort of peephole. It is permissible to gaze at misfortune like a traitor in order to succor it.

那么,难道不应当随着堕落的加深而给予更深刻的慈悲吗?他在给自己上这堂道德课的同时--因为有时马吕斯和所有真正正直的人一样,会自我教诲并过度自责--他盯着那堵将他与容德雷特一家隔开的墙,仿佛他能让那充满怜悯的目光穿透隔板,温暖那些可怜的人。那墙只是由木条和横梁支撑的一层薄薄的灰泥,正如读者刚才所知,它能清晰地分辨出声音和话语。只有像马吕斯这样爱幻想的人才会长久以来对此毫无察觉。墙上没有贴纸,无论是容德雷特家的那一面还是马吕斯的这一面,粗糙的构造赤裸可见。马吕斯几乎无意识地审视着隔板;有时冥想也会像思考一样观察、审视和细究。突然他跳了起来--他刚发现,在靠近天花板的上方,有一个由三根木条之间的空隙形成的三角形小洞。本应填充这个洞的灰泥缺失了,站到五斗柜上,就可以通过这个孔洞看到容德雷特家的阁楼。悲悯之心自有其好奇心,也应有其好奇心。这个孔洞形成了一种窥孔。为了拯救不幸,可以像背叛者一样窥视苦难。

🔊
profound /prəˈfaʊnd/
adj. 深刻的,深远的
🔊
proportion /prəˈpɔːʃn/
n. 比例,部分
🔊
moral /ˈmɒrəl/
adj. 道德的,伦理的
🔊
occasions /əˈkeɪʒnz/
n. 场合,时机
🔊
pedagogue /ˈpedəɡɒɡ/
n. 教师,教育者
🔊
stared /steəd/
v. 凝视,盯着看
🔊
gaze /ɡeɪz/
n. 凝视,注视
🔊
penetrate /ˈpenətreɪt/
v. 穿透,渗透
🔊
wretched /ˈretʃɪd/
adj. 可怜的,悲惨的
🔊
plaster /ˈplɑːstə(r)/
n. 灰泥,石膏
🔊
lathes /leɪðz/
n. 板条,木条
🔊
beams /biːmz/
n. 横梁,梁
🔊
distinguished /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/
v. 区分,辨别
🔊
dreamy /ˈdriːmi/
adj. 梦幻的,心不在焉的
🔊
pasted /ˈpeɪstɪd/
v. 粘贴
🔊
coarse /kɔːs/
adj. 粗糙的,粗劣的
🔊
construction /kənˈstrʌkʃn/
n. 建筑,结构
🔊
visible /ˈvɪzəbl/
adj. 可见的,明显的
🔊
nakedness /ˈneɪkɪdnəs/
n. 裸露,赤裸
🔊
examined /ɪɡˈzæmɪnd/
v. 检查,审视
🔊
unconsciously /ʌnˈkɒnʃəsli/
adv. 无意识地,不自觉地
🔊
observes /əbˈzɜːvz/
v. 观察,注意到
🔊
scrutinizes /ˈskruːtənaɪzɪz/
v. 细察,仔细审查
🔊
sprang /spræŋ/
v. 跳起(spring的过去式)
🔊
triangular /traɪˈæŋɡjələ(r)/
adj. 三角形的
🔊
cavity /ˈkævəti/
n. 洞,空腔
🔊
mounting /ˈmaʊntɪŋ/
v. 登上,爬上
🔊
commode /kəˈməʊd/
n. 衣柜,五斗柜
🔊
aperture /ˈæpətʃə(r)/
n. 孔,缝隙
🔊
attic /ˈætɪk/
n. 阁楼,顶楼
🔊
commiseration /kəˌmɪzəˈreɪʃn/
n. 同情,怜悯
🔊
curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/
n. 好奇心,求知欲
🔊
peephole /ˈpiːphəʊl/
n. 窥视孔
🔊
permissible /pəˈmɪsəbl/
adj. 可允许的
🔊
succor /ˈsʌkə(r)/
v. 救助,援助

“让我们稍微了解一下这些人是什么样子的,”马吕斯想,“以及他们处于何种境地。”他爬上五斗柜,把眼睛凑近缝隙,望了出去。

🔊
crevice /ˈkrevɪs/
n. 裂缝,裂隙
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翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。