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Book V. The Descent – Chapter eight: Madame Victurnien Expends Thirty Francs on Morality (第八章:维克图尼安太太为道德花费三十法郎)

探索《悲惨世界》第8章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细IELTS词汇及解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提升你的阅读能力。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

当芳汀看到自己能谋生时,她一时感到欣喜。靠自己的劳动堂堂正正地生活,这是何等天恩!工作的热忱真的回到了她身上。她买了一面镜子,欣喜地审视镜中的青春、秀发和皓齿;她忘记了许多事,心中只想着珂赛特和可能的未来,几乎感到幸福。她租了个小房间,靠未来的工作赊账购置了家具--这是她挥霍习性残存的痕迹。由于她不能说自己是已婚女子,我们已看到,她格外小心地不提自己的小女儿。起初,正如读者所见,她按时付钱给德纳第夫妇。因为她只会写自己的名字,不得不托代笔人写信。

🔊
joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfəl/
adj. 充满喜悦的,高兴的
🔊
mercy /ˈmɜːrsi/
n. 仁慈,怜悯;幸运
🔊
surveying /sərˈveɪɪŋ/
v. 审视;测量;勘察
🔊
looking-glass /ˈlʊkɪŋ ɡlæs/
n. 镜子(旧式说法)
🔊
credit /ˈkredɪt/
n. 赊购;信用;信贷
🔊
lingering /ˈlɪŋɡərɪŋ/
adj. 持续存在的,拖延的
🔊
improvident /ɪmˈprɒvɪdənt/
adj. 不顾将来的,挥霍无度的
🔊
promptly /ˈprɒmptli/
adv. 迅速地,立即地
🔊
obliged /əˈblaɪdʒd/
v. 迫使;使感激
🔊
public letter-writer /ˈpʌblɪk ˈletər ˌraɪtər/
n. 代笔人(替人写信的公共服务者)

她经常写信,这引起了注意。女工坊里开始有人低声议论,说芳汀“老写信”,而且“她有些古怪的举止”。

🔊
undertone /ˈʌndərtəʊn/
n. 低声;弦外之音;潜在含义
🔊 There is no one for spying on people's actions like those who are not concerned in them. Why does that gentleman never come except at nightfall? Why does Mr. So-and-So never hang his key on its nail on Tuesday? Why does he always take the narrow streets? Why does Madame always descend from her hackney-coach before reaching her house? Why does she send out to purchase six sheets of note paper, when she has a "whole stationer's shop full of it"? etc. There exist beings who, for the sake of obtaining the key to these enigmas, which are, moreover, of no consequence whatever to them, spend more money, waste more time, take more trouble, than would be required for ten good actions, and that gratuitously, for their own pleasure, without receiving any other payment for their curiosity than curiosity. They will follow up such and such a man or woman for whole days; they will do sentry duty for hours at a time on the corners of the streets, under alleyway doors at night, in cold and rain; they will bribe errand-porters, they will make the drivers of hackney-coaches and lackeys tipsy, buy a waiting-maid, suborn a porter. Why? For no reason. A pure passion for seeing, knowing, and penetrating into things. A pure itch for talking. And often these secrets once known, these mysteries made public, these enigmas illuminated by the light of day, bring on catastrophes, duels, failures, the ruin of families, and broken lives, to the great joy of those who have "found out everything," without any interest in the matter, and by pure instinct. A sad thing.

没有比那些与己无关的人更爱窥探他人行径的了。那位先生为何总在傍晚才来?某某先生为何星期二从不把钥匙挂在钉子上?他为何总走窄巷?那位太太为何在到家前就下出租马车?她为何在已有“满文具店信纸”时还差人去买六页信笺?等等。有些人,为了解开这些谜团--尽管对他们毫无意义--花费更多金钱,浪费更多时间,付出更多辛苦,甚至超过做十件好事所需,而且无偿,只为自身乐趣,除了好奇心外得不到任何回报。他们会整天跟踪某个男人或女人;会在街角、夜晚的门廊下、寒冷和雨中站上几个小时的岗;他们会贿赂信差,灌醉马车夫和仆役,买通女仆,收买门房。为什么?毫无理由。纯粹是出于看、知、探究事物的激情。纯粹是出于谈论的癖好。而这些秘密一旦被知道,这些谜团一旦公开,这些疑案一旦大白于天下,往往带来灾难、决斗、失败、家破人亡,让那些“什么都打探清楚了”的人欣喜若狂,尽管他们毫无利害关系,纯粹出于本能。这是一件可悲的事。

🔊
spying /ˈspaɪɪŋ/
v. 侦察;监视
🔊
concerned /kənˈsɜːrnd/
adj. 担心的;有关的
🔊
nightfall /ˈnaɪtfɔːl/
n. 黄昏,傍晚
🔊
hackney-coach /ˈhækni ˌkəʊtʃ/
n. 出租马车
🔊
note paper /ˈnəʊt ˌpeɪpər/
n. 信纸,便条纸
🔊
enigmas /ɪˈnɪɡməz/
n. 谜团;费解的事物
🔊
gratuitously /ɡrəˈtjuːɪtəsli/
adv. 无理由地;无偿地;多余地
🔊
curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/
n. 好奇心;求知欲
🔊
sentry duty /ˈsentri ˌdjuːti/
n. 站岗;放哨
🔊
alleyway /ˈæliweɪ/
n. 小巷;胡同
🔊
bribe /braɪb/
v. 贿赂
🔊
errand-porters /ˈerənd ˈpɔːrtərz/
n. 跑腿的搬运工;杂役
🔊
lackeys /ˈlækiz/
n. 仆人;走狗;谄媚者
🔊
waiting-maid /ˈweɪtɪŋ ˌmeɪd/
n. 女仆;侍女
🔊
suborn /səˈbɔːrn/
v. 收买;唆使(尤指作伪证)
🔊
penetrating /ˈpenɪtreɪtɪŋ/
adj. 有洞察力的;尖锐的;穿透的
🔊
catastrophes /kəˈtæstrəfiz/
n. 灾难;大祸
🔊
duels /ˈdjuːəlz/
n. 决斗;斗争
🔊
ruin /ˈruːɪn/
n. 毁灭;废墟
🔊
instinct /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/
n. 本能;直觉
🔊
illuminated /ɪˈluːmɪneɪtɪd/
v. 照亮;阐明

有些人出于说话的需要而怀有恶意。他们的谈话,客厅里的闲聊,前厅里的流言,就像那些消耗木柴迅速的壁炉;它们需要大量的可燃物,而这些可燃物由邻居供给。

🔊
malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/
adj. 恶意的;恶毒的
🔊
solely /ˈsəʊlli/
adv. 仅仅;唯一地
🔊
drawing-room /ˈdrɔːɪŋ ruːm/
n. 客厅;会客室
🔊
anteroom /ˈæntiruːm/
n. 前厅;接待室
🔊
combustibles /kəmˈbʌstəbəlz/
n. 可燃物;易燃材料

于是芳汀被人盯上了。

此外,不少人对她金黄的头发和洁白的牙齿心怀嫉妒。

有人注意到,在工坊里,她常趁别人休息时转过身去擦眼泪。这些时候她正思念自己的孩子;也许还有她爱过的那个男人。斩断往日的痛苦羁縻是一件令人哀伤的事。

🔊
remarked /rɪˈmɑːrkt/
v. 评论;注意到
🔊
gloomy /ˈɡluːmi/
adj. 阴暗的;忧郁的
🔊
mournful /ˈmɔːrnfəl/
adj. 悲伤的;哀痛的

有人注意到她每月至少写两次信,而且自己付邮资。他们设法弄到了地址:先生,德纳第先生,蒙费梅伊, 客栈老板。那位代笔人是位忠厚老人,但只要灌下红葡萄酒就会掏空口袋里的秘密,结果在酒馆里被套出了话。总之,人们发现芳汀有个孩子。“她准是个不正经的女人。”有人找到了一个老长舌妇,她跑了一趟蒙费梅伊,跟德纳第夫妇谈了话,回来说:“我花了三十五法郎,总算放心了。我见到了那孩子。”

🔊
observed /əbˈzɜːrvd/
v. 观察;注意到;评论
🔊
carriage /ˈkærɪdʒ/
n. 马车;运输;运费
🔊
address /əˈdres/
n. 地址;住址
🔊
innkeeper /ˈɪnkiːpər/
n. 旅馆老板;小旅店主人
🔊
wine-shop /ˈwaɪn ʃɒp/
n. 酒馆;酒店
🔊
gossip /ˈɡɒsɪp/
n. 闲话;爱说闲话的人
🔊
public writer /ˈpʌblɪk ˈraɪtər/
n. 代笔人(通常为公众提供写信服务的人)
🔊 The gossip who did this thing was a gorgon named Madame Victurnien, the guardian and doorkeeper of every one's virtue. Madame Victurnien was fifty-six, and reinforced the mask of ugliness with the mask of age. A quavering voice, a whimsical mind. This old dame had once been young--astonishing fact! In her youth, in '93, she had married a monk who had fled from his cloister in a red cap, and passed from the Bernardines to the Jacobins. She was dry, rough, peevish, sharp, captious, almost venomous; all this in memory of her monk, whose widow she was, and who had ruled over her masterfully and bent her to his will. She was a nettle in which the rustle of the cassock was visible. At the Restoration she had turned bigot, and that with so much energy that the priests had forgiven her her monk. She had a small property, which she bequeathed with much ostentation to a religious community. She was in high favor at the episcopal palace of Arras. So this Madame Victurnien went to Montfermeil, and returned with the remark, "I have seen the child."

干这事的那个长舌妇是个名叫维克图尼安太太的丑婆娘,她是众人道德的守护者和看门人。维克图尼安太太五十六岁,用年龄的面具强化了丑陋的面具。声音发颤,性情古怪。这位老妇人曾年轻过--真是奇事!她在年轻时,九三年,嫁给了一个从修道院逃出来的修士,他戴着红帽子,从伯尔纳修会转投雅各宾派。她干巴巴,粗鲁,乖戾,尖刻,挑剔,几乎恶毒--这一切都是为了纪念她的修士,她是他的寡妇,他当初专横地统治她,使她屈服于他的意志。她像一株荨麻,依稀可见法衣拂过的痕迹。在复辟时期,她变得十分虔诚,以至于神父们原谅了她那个修士。她有一小笔财产,并大张旗鼓地遗赠给一个宗教团体。她在阿拉斯主教府很受宠。于是这个维克图尼安太太去了蒙费梅伊,回来说:“我见到了那孩子。”

🔊
gorgon /ˈɡɔːrɡən/
n. 戈耳工(希腊神话中蛇发女怪);丑陋可怕的女人
🔊
guardian /ˈɡɑːrdiən/
n. 监护人;保护者
🔊
doorkeeper /ˈdɔːrˌkiːpər/
n. 门卫;看门人
🔊
virtue /ˈvɜːrtʃuː/
n. 美德;优点;贞操
🔊
reinforced /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrst/
v. 加强;加固
🔊
ugliness /ˈʌɡlinəs/
n. 丑陋;难看
🔊
quavering /ˈkweɪvərɪŋ/
adj. 颤抖的;发颤音的
🔊
whimsical /ˈwɪmzɪkəl/
adj. 异想天开的;古怪的;多变的
🔊
dame /deɪm/
n. (旧时)老妇人;夫人;女士
🔊
astonishing /əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ/
adj. 令人惊讶的;惊人的
🔊
monk /mʌŋk/
n. 僧侣;修道士
🔊
cloister /ˈklɔɪstər/
n. 回廊;修道院
🔊
peevish /ˈpiːvɪʃ/
adj. 易怒的;暴躁的;倔强的
🔊
captious /ˈkæpʃəs/
adj. 爱挑剔的;吹毛求疵的
🔊
venomous /ˈvenəməs/
adj. 有毒的;恶毒的
🔊
widow /ˈwɪdəʊ/
n. 寡妇
🔊
masterfully /ˈmɑːstərfəli/
adv. 熟练地;专横地
🔊
nettle /ˈnetl/
n. 荨麻
🔊
cassock /ˈkæsək/
n. (教士穿的)黑色长袍
🔊
visible /ˈvɪzəbəl/
adj. 可见的;明显的
🔊
Restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃən/
n. (历史)王政复辟时期;恢复
🔊
bigot /ˈbɪɡət/
n. 偏执的人;顽固者
🔊
bequeathed /bɪˈkwiːðd/
v. 遗赠;留下
🔊
ostentation /ˌɒstenˈteɪʃən/
n. 炫耀;铺张;卖弄
🔊
religious /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/
adj. 宗教的;虔诚的
🔊
community /kəˈmjuːnəti/
n. 社区;团体;共同体
🔊
episcopal /ɪˈpɪskəpəl/
adj. 主教的;主教管辖的
🔊
palace /ˈpælɪs/
n. 宫殿;豪华住宅
🔊
remark /rɪˈmɑːrk/
n. 评论;言辞

这一切都需要时间。芳汀在工厂里已经干了一年多,一天早上,工坊的女主管交给她市长给的五十法郎,告诉她工坊不再雇用她,并以市长的名义请求她离开这一带。

🔊
superintendent /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtendənt/
n. 主管;监督人;警长
🔊
mayor /ˈmeɪər/
n. 市长
🔊
employed /ɪmˈplɔɪd/
v. 雇用;使用
🔊
requested /rɪˈkwestɪd/
v. 请求;要求
🔊
neighborhood /ˈneɪbərhʊd/
n. 街区;邻近地区

恰好在那个月,德纳第夫妇先是要十二法郎代替六法郎,随后又硬要十五法郎代替十二法郎。

🔊
exacted /ɪɡˈzæktɪd/
v. 强要;索取;要求
🔊 Fantine was overwhelmed. She could not leave the neighborhood; she was in debt for her rent and furniture. Fifty francs was not sufficient to cancel this debt. She stammered a few supplicating words. The superintendent ordered her to leave the shop on the instant. Besides, Fantine was only a moderately good workwoman. Overcome with shame, even more than with despair, she quitted the shop, and returned to her room. So her fault was now known to every one.

芳汀被击垮了。她无法离开这一带--她欠着房租和家具钱。五十法郎不够还债。她结结巴巴地求了几句。女主管命令她立刻离开工坊。况且,芳汀只是个手艺平平的女工。她羞愧难当,甚至比绝望更甚,离开了工坊,回到自己的房间。于是她的过错现在尽人皆知了。

🔊
overwhelmed /ˌəʊvərˈwelmd/
v. 压倒;使不知所措
🔊
debt /det/
n. 债务;欠款
🔊
sufficient /səˈfɪʃənt/
adj. 足够的,充分的
🔊
cancel /ˈkænsəl/
v. 取消;废除;抵消
🔊
stammered /ˈstæmərd/
v. 结结巴巴地说;口吃
🔊
supplicating /ˈsʌplɪkeɪtɪŋ/
adj. 恳求的;哀求的
🔊
instant /ˈɪnstənt/
n. 瞬间;时刻
🔊
moderately /ˈmɒdərətli/
adv. 适度地;中等程度地
🔊
overcome /ˌəʊvərˈkʌm/
v. 克服;战胜;被(情绪)压倒
🔊
shame /ʃeɪm/
n. 羞耻;羞愧
🔊
despair /dɪˈspeər/
n. 绝望
🔊
quitted /ˈkwɪtɪd/
v. 离开;放弃(quit的过去式)
🔊
fault /fɔːlt/
n. 过错;缺点;故障

她再也没有力气说一句话了。有人劝她去见市长;她不敢。市长给了她五十法郎,因为他是善良的;又辞退了她,因为他是公正的。她低头接受了这个决定。

🔊
advised /ədˈvaɪzd/
v. 建议;劝告
🔊
dare /deər/
v. 敢;胆敢
🔊
dismissed /dɪsˈmɪst/
v. 解雇;驳回;不予考虑
🔊
bowed /baʊd/
v. 鞠躬;低头;屈服
🔊
decision /dɪˈsɪʒən/
n. 决定;决策
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翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。