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Book I. Waterloo – Chapter seventeen: Is Waterloo to be considered good? (第十七章:滑铁卢能算作好事吗?)

探索《悲惨世界》第17章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细IELTS词汇及解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提升你的阅读能力。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

存在一个非常可敬的自由派学派,他们并不憎恨滑铁卢。我们不属此列。对我们而言,滑铁卢不过是自由被惊愕之日。如此雄鹰竟出自如此之卵,确实出人意料。

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respectable /rɪˈspektəbl/
adj. 值得尊敬的;体面的;相当好的
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liberal /ˈlɪbərəl/
adj. 自由的;开明的;慷慨的
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stupefied /ˈstjuːpɪfaɪd/
adj. 目瞪口呆的;惊呆的
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liberty /ˈlɪbərti/
n. 自由;解放
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emerge /ɪˈmɜːrdʒ/
v. 出现;浮现;新兴
🔊 If one places one's self at the culminating point of view of the question, Waterloo is intentionally a counter-revolutionary victory. It is Europe against France; it is Petersburg, Berlin, and Vienna against Paris; it is the status quo against the initiative; it is the 14th of July, 1789, attacked through the 20th of March, 1815; it is the monarchies clearing the decks in opposition to the indomitable French rioting. The final extinction of that vast people which had been in eruption for twenty-six years--such was the dream. The solidarity of the Brunswicks, the Nassaus, the Romanoffs, the Hohenzollerns, the Hapsburgs with the Bourbons. Waterloo bears divine right on its crupper. It is true, that the Empire having been despotic, the kingdom by the natural reaction of things, was forced to be liberal, and that a constitutional order was the unwilling result of Waterloo, to the great regret of the conquerors. It is because revolution cannot be really conquered, and that being providential and absolutely fatal, it is always cropping up afresh: before Waterloo, in Bonaparte overthrowing the old thrones; after Waterloo, in Louis XVIII granting and conforming to the charter. Bonaparte places a postilion on the throne of Naples, and a sergeant on the throne of Sweden, employing inequality to demonstrate equality; Louis XVIII at Saint-Ouen countersigns the declaration of the rights of man. If you wish to gain an idea of what revolution is, call it Progress; and if you wish to acquire an idea of the nature of progress, call it Tomorrow. Tomorrow fulfils its work irresistibly, and it is already fulfilling it today. It always reaches its goal strangely. It employs Wellington to make of Foy, who was only a soldier, an orator. Foy falls at Hougomont and rises again in the tribune. Thus does progress proceed. There is no such thing as a bad tool for that workman. It does not become disconcerted, but adjusts to its divine work the man who has bestridden the Alps, and the good old tottering invalid of Father Elysee. It makes use of the gouty man as well as of the conqueror; of the conqueror without, of the gouty man within. Waterloo, by cutting short the demolition of European thrones by the sword, had no other effect than to cause the revolutionary work to be continued in another direction. The slashers have finished; it was the turn of the thinkers. The century that Waterloo was intended to arrest has pursued its march. That sinister victory was vanquished by liberty.

如果站在问题的最高点来看,滑铁卢是蓄意的反革命胜利。这是欧洲对抗法国;这是彼得堡、柏林和维也纳对抗巴黎;这是现状对抗主动;这是1789年7月14日通过1815年3月20日被攻击;这是各君主国清剿阵地以对抗桀骜不驯的法国骚乱。那个爆发了二十六年的伟大民族终被熄灭--这便是梦想。布伦瑞克、拿骚、罗曼诺夫、霍亨索伦、哈布斯堡等家族与波旁家族的团结一致。滑铁卢把神授权利驮在马臀上。诚然,帝国曾是专制的,王国因事物自然反应而被迫走向自由,一部宪政秩序是滑铁卢违心促成的结果,令征服者们大为懊悔。这是因为革命不可能真正被征服,它既是天意又绝对必然,总会重新抬头:在滑铁卢之前,是波拿巴推翻旧王座;在滑铁卢之后,是路易十八批准并遵守宪章。波拿巴将一名驿夫扶上那不勒斯王位,将一名中士扶上瑞典王位,利用不平等来彰显平等;路易十八在圣旺签署了人权宣言。如果你想了解革命是什么,称它为进步;如果你想了解进步的本质,称它为明天。明天不可抗拒地完成它的工作,而今天它已然在完成。它总是以奇特的方式抵达目标。它利用威灵顿把福瓦--原本只是个士兵--塑造成演说家。福瓦倒在乌古蒙,却在讲坛上重新站起。进步就这样推进。这位工匠没有坏工具。它不会慌乱,而是调整其神圣工作:那翻越阿尔卑斯山的人,以及爱丽舍宫那位蹒跚的老病夫。它既利用跛足者,也利用征服者;征服者在外,跛足者在内。滑铁卢以剑终止对欧洲王座的摧毁,其唯一作用是让革命事业在另一个方向继续。挥刀者已了事,该轮到思考者了。滑铁卢意图阻止的世纪继续前行。那场凶险的胜利被自由击败了。

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culminating /ˈkʌlmɪneɪtɪŋ/
adj. 达到顶点的;高潮的
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intentionally /ɪnˈtɛnʃənəli/
adv. 故意地;有意地
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counter-revolutionary /ˌkaʊntə ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri/
adj. 反革命的;反对革命的
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status quo /ˌsteɪtəs ˈkwəʊ/
n. 现状;当前状况
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initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/
n. 倡议;主动权;主动性
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monarchies /ˈmɒnəkiz/
n. 君主制国家;君主政体(复数)
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indomitable /ɪnˈdɒmɪtəbl/
adj. 不屈不挠的;不可征服的
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extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/
n. 灭绝;消亡;熄灭
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eruption /ɪˈrʌpʃn/
n. 喷发;爆发
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solidarity /ˌsɒlɪˈdærəti/
n. 团结;团结一致
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despotic /dɪˈspɒtɪk/
adj. 专制的;暴虐的
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constitutional /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃənl/
adj. 宪法的;立宪的;体质的
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providential /ˌprɒvɪˈdenʃl/
adj. 天意的;幸运的;及时出现的
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fatal /ˈfeɪtl/
adj. 致命的;灾难性的;重大的
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cropping up /ˈkrɒpɪŋ ʌp/
phr. v. 突然出现;意外发生
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afresh /əˈfreʃ/
adv. 重新;再;从头开始
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inequality /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/
n. 不平等;不均等
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equality /iˈkwɒləti/
n. 平等;均等
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declaration /ˌdekləˈreɪʃn/
n. 宣言;声明;申报
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acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/
v. 获得;获取;习得
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fulfils /fʊlˈfɪlz/
v. 实现;履行;满足(第三人称单数)
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irresistibly /ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbli/
adv. 不可抗拒地;无法抵抗地
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fulfilling /fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ/
v. 实现;履行;满足(现在分词)
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strangely /ˈstreɪndʒli/
adv. 奇怪地;异常地;陌生地
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orator /ˈɒrətə(r)/
n. 演说家;演讲者
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tribune /ˈtrɪbjuːn/
n. 论坛;讲坛;民权保卫者
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proceed /prəˈsiːd/
v. 继续前进;继续进行;开始做
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disconcerted /ˌdɪskənˈsɜːtɪd/
adj. 不安的;困惑的;尴尬的
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tottering /ˈtɒtərɪŋ/
adj. 蹒跚的;摇摇欲坠的;不稳定的
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invalid /ˈɪnvəlɪd/
n. 病人;体弱者;伤残者
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demolition /ˌdeməˈlɪʃn/
n. 拆除;破坏;推翻
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thinkers /ˈθɪŋkəz/
n. 思想家;思考者(复数)
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sinister /ˈsɪnɪstə(r)/
adj. 邪恶的;不祥的;危险的
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vanquished /ˈvæŋkwɪʃt/
v. 被征服;被击败(过去分词)
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charter /ˈtʃɑːtə(r)/
n. 宪章;许可证;特许状
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divine /dɪˈvaɪn/
adj. 神圣的;天赐的;极好的
🔊
revolutionary /ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri/
adj. 革命的;革命性的;彻底变革的
🔊 In short, and incontestably, that which triumphed at Waterloo; that which smiled in Wellington's rear; that which brought him all the marshals' staffs of Europe, including, it is said, the staff of a marshal of France; that which joyously trundled the barrows full of bones to erect the mound of the lion; that which triumphantly inscribed on that pedestal the date "June 18, 1815"; that which encouraged Bluecher, as he put the flying army to the sword; that which, from the heights of the plateau of Mont-Saint-Jean, hovered over France as over its prey, was the counter-revolution. It was the counter-revolution which murmured that infamous word "dismemberment." On arriving in Paris, it beheld the crater close at hand; it felt those ashes which scorched its feet, and it changed its mind; it returned to the stammer of a charter.

简而言之,且无可争议,在滑铁卢获胜的;在威灵顿身后微笑的;将欧洲所有元帅权杖--据说包括一位法国元帅的权杖--捧给他的;欢快地推着装满骸骨的手推车去堆筑狮子丘的;得意地在基座上刻下“1815年6月18日”日期的;在布吕歇尔挥剑追杀逃军时给他鼓气的;从圣让山高原上如俯视猎物般俯视法国的--是反革命。正是反革命呢喃着那个可耻的词“瓜分”。一到达巴黎,它就近距离看见了火山口;它感到那些灼伤它脚底的灰烬,于是改变了主意;它退回到结结巴巴的宪章之中。

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incontestably /ˌɪnkənˈtestəbli/
adv. 无可争辩地;不容置疑地
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triumphed /ˈtraɪəmpft/
v. 获胜;成功(过去式)
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joyously /ˈdʒɔɪəsli/
adv. 欢乐地;高兴地
🔊
trundled /ˈtrʌndld/
v. 滚动;推(重物)(过去式)
🔊
barrows /ˈbærəʊz/
n. 手推车;独轮车(复数)
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erect /ɪˈrekt/
v. 建造;竖立;建立
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mound /maʊnd/
n. 土墩;小丘;堆
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triumphantly /traɪˈʌmfəntli/
adv. 胜利地;得意洋洋地
🔊
inscribed /ɪnˈskraɪbd/
v. 铭刻;题写(过去分词)
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pedestal /ˈpedɪstl/
n. 底座;基座;台座
🔊
plateau /ˈplætəʊ/
n. 高原;稳定期;平台期
🔊
hovered /ˈhɒvəd/
v. 盘旋;徘徊(过去式)
🔊
prey /preɪ/
n. 猎物;受害者
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counter-revolution /ˌkaʊntə ˌrevəˈluːʃn/
n. 反革命;反革命运动
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infamous /ˈɪnfəməs/
adj. 臭名昭著的;声名狼藉的
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dismemberment /dɪsˈmembəmənt/
n. 肢解;分割;瓜分
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beheld /bɪˈheld/
v. 看见;注视(过去式)
🔊
crater /ˈkreɪtə(r)/
n. 火山口;弹坑;坑
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scorched /skɔːtʃt/
v. 烧焦;烤焦(过去式)
🔊
stammer /ˈstæmə(r)/
n. 口吃;结巴
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marshals' staffs /ˈmɑːʃəlz stɑːfs/
n. 元帅的权杖(复数所有格)
🔊 Let us behold in Waterloo only that which is in Waterloo. Of intentional liberty there is none. The counter-revolution was involuntarily liberal, in the same manner as, by a corresponding phenomenon, Napoleon was involuntarily revolutionary. On the 18th of June, 1815, the mounted Robespierre was hurled from his saddle.

让我们只在滑铁卢中看见属于滑铁卢的东西。没有有意的自由。反革命是不情愿地自由化的,正如出于对应的现象,拿破仑是不情愿地革命化的。1815年6月18日,骑在马上的罗伯斯庇尔被掀翻下鞍。

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behold /bɪˈhəʊld/
v. 看;注视(尤指不寻常或壮观的事物)
🔊
intentional /ɪnˈtenʃənl/
adj. 故意的;有意的;蓄意的
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involuntarily /ɪnˈvɒləntərəli/
adv. 非自愿地;不由自主地
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corresponding /ˌkɒrɪˈspɒndɪŋ/
adj. 相应的;对应的;相关的
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phenomenon /fɪˈnɒmɪnən/
n. 现象;奇迹;非凡的人或事物
🔊
mounted /ˈmaʊntɪd/
adj. 骑马的;安装好的;镶嵌的
🔊
hurled /hɜːrld/
v. 猛投;用力扔(过去分词)
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saddle /ˈsædl/
n. 马鞍;车座;鞍状物
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翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。