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Chapter four (第四章)

探索《弗兰肯斯坦》第4章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细的雅思词汇及解释,以及英文原文音频。边听边提升阅读技能。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

从那天起,自然哲学--尤其是广义上的化学--几乎成了我唯一的追求。我热切地研读那些才华横溢、见解深刻的著作,皆是现代探索者就此主题所撰。我聆听讲座,结识大学里的科学人士;我甚至在克拉姆佩教授身上发现了诸多真知灼见,尽管他相貌举止令人不悦,但其价值丝毫不减。在瓦尔德曼先生那里,我寻得了一位挚友。他的温和从不沾染教条;他的教导带着坦率与善良,全然没有学究之气。他以种种方式为我铺平求知之路,令最玄奥的探究在我眼中也变得清晰明了。起初我的钻研时断时续、游移不定;随着进程深入,日益专注,不久便炽热如火、急切难耐,以至星辰常在晨光中隐没,我仍沉浸于实验室中。

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natural philosophy /ˈnætʃrəl fɪˈlɒsəfi/
n. phrase. 自然哲学(旧时对自然科学的统称)
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comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/
adj. 全面的,综合的
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ardour /ˈɑːdə(r)/
n. 热情,热心
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discrimination /dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/
n. 辨别力,识别力
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cultivated /ˈkʌltɪveɪtɪd/
v. 培养,培育
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repulsive /rɪˈpʌlsɪv/
adj. 令人厌恶的,排斥的
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dogmatism /ˈdɒɡmətɪzəm/
n. 教条主义,武断
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banished /ˈbænɪʃt/
v. 驱逐,消除
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pedantry /ˈpedntri/
n. 迂腐,卖弄学问
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abstruse /əbˈstruːs/
adj. 深奥的,难解的
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facile /ˈfæsaɪl/
adj. 容易的,轻率的
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apprehension /ˌæprɪˈhenʃn/
n. 理解,忧虑
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fluctuating /ˈflʌktʃueɪtɪŋ/
adj. 波动的,起伏的
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ardent /ˈɑːdnt/
adj. 热情的,热烈的
🔊 As I applied so closely, it may be easily conceived that my progress was rapid. My ardour was indeed the astonishment of the students, and my proficiency that of the masters. Professor Krempe often asked me, with a sly smile, how Cornelius Agrippa went on? whilst M. Waldman expressed the most heart-felt exultation in my progress. Two years passed in this manner, during which I paid no visit to Geneva, but was engaged, heart and soul, in the pursuit of some discoveries, which I hoped to make. None but those who have experienced them can conceive of the enticements of science. In other studies you go as far as others have gone before you, and there is nothing more to know; but in a scientific pursuit there is continual food for discovery and wonder. A mind of moderate capacity, which closely pursues one study, must infallibly arrive at great proficiency in that study; and I, who continually sought the attainment of one object of pursuit, and was solely wrapt up in this, improved so rapidly, that, at the end of two years, I made some discoveries in the improvement of some chemical instruments, which procured me great esteem and admiration at the university. When I had arrived at this point, and had become as well acquainted with the theory and practice of natural philosophy as depended on the lessons of any of the professors at Ingolstadt, my residence there being no longer conducive to my improvements, I thought of returning to my friends and my native town, when an incident happened that protracted my stay.

由于我如此专心致志,进步神速自不待言。我的热情令同窗惊叹,我的精进让师长称奇。克拉姆佩教授常带着狡黠的笑容问我,科尼利厄斯·阿格里帕进展如何?而瓦尔德曼先生则对我的进步表达了由衷的欣喜。两年时光就这样流逝,其间我未曾踏足因戈尔施塔特之外,而是全心全意投身于某些我希望实现的发现。唯有亲历者方能体会科学的魅惑。在其他学问中,你止步于前人足迹;在科学追求里,却有源源不断的发现与奇迹。资质中庸者,若专心致志于一门学问,必能登堂入室;而我,孜孜以求一个目标,全心沉浸其中,进步如此迅猛,两年之后,我在一些化学仪器的改进上取得了发现,赢得了大学的极大尊重与钦佩。当我达到此境,对自然哲学的理论与实践已熟稔到无需依赖因戈尔施塔特任何教授的教诲时,留居此地已无助于精进,我便思量回归故友与家乡,不料发生一事,延宕了我的归期。

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proficiency /prəˈfɪʃnsi/
n. 熟练,精通
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exultation /ˌeɡzʌlˈteɪʃn/
n. 狂喜,欢欣
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enticements /ɪnˈtaɪsmənts/
n. 诱惑,引诱物
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infallibly /ɪnˈfæləbli/
adv. 必然地,绝对可靠地
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wrapt /ræpt/
adj. 专注的,全神贯注的(古旧拼写,同 wrapped)
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procured /prəˈkjʊəd/
v. 获得,取得
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conducive /kənˈdjuːsɪv/
adj. 有助于的,促进的
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protracted /prəˈtræktɪd/
v. 延长,拖延
🔊 One of the phenomena which had peculiarly attracted my attention was the structure of the human frame, and, indeed, any animal endued with life. Whence, I often asked myself, did the principle of life proceed? It was a bold question, and one which has ever been considered as a mystery; yet with how many things are we upon the brink of becoming acquainted, if cowardice or carelessness did not restrain our enquiries. I revolved these circumstances in my mind, and determined thenceforth to apply myself more particularly to those branches of natural philosophy which relate to physiology. Unless I had been animated by an almost supernatural enthusiasm, my application to this study would have been irksome, and almost intolerable. To examine the causes of life, we must first have recourse to death. I became acquainted with the science of anatomy: but this was not sufficient; I must also observe the natural decay and corruption of the human body. In my education my father had taken the greatest precautions that my mind should be impressed with no supernatural horrors. I do not ever remember to have trembled at a tale of superstition, or to have feared the apparition of a spirit. Darkness had no effect upon my fancy; and a churchyard was to me merely the receptacle of bodies deprived of life, which, from being the seat of beauty and strength, had become food for the worm. Now I was led to examine the cause and progress of this decay, and forced to spend days and nights in vaults and charnel-houses. My attention was fixed upon every object the most insupportable to the delicacy of the human feelings. I saw how the fine form of man was degraded and wasted; I beheld the corruption of death succeed to the blooming cheek of life; I saw how the worm inherited the wonders of the eye and brain. I paused, examining and analysing all the minutiae of causation, as exemplified in the change from life to death, and death to life, until from the midst of this darkness a sudden light broke in upon me-a light so brilliant and wondrous, yet so simple, that while I became dizzy with the immensity of the prospect which it illustrated, I was surprised, that among so many men of genius who had directed their enquiries towards the same science, that I alone should be reserved to discover so astonishing a secret.

其中有个现象尤为吸引我的注意:那便是人体的结构,乃至任何赋有生命的动物躯体。生命的原理从何而来?我常自问。这问题大胆至极,历来被视为奥秘;然而,若非怯懦或疏懒束缚我们的探究,多少事物本可触手可及。我将这些事在脑海里反复思忖,决心从此更专注于自然哲学中与生理学相关的分支。若非被一种近乎超自然的热情所驱动,我对这门学问的投入本会令人厌烦,几乎无法忍受。要探究生命的成因,我们须先求助于死亡。我熟悉了解剖学,但这还不够;我还必须观察人体自然的衰亡与腐化过程。父亲在我的教育中煞费苦心,唯恐我的心灵沾染超自然的恐怖。我从不记得因迷信故事而颤抖,或恐惧幽灵的出现。黑暗对我的想象毫无影响;墓地于我而言,仅是失去生命的躯壳的容器,它们曾是美与力量的所在,如今却成了蠕虫的食粮。此刻,我被引导去考察这种衰败的成因与进程,被迫在墓穴和藏骸所中度过日夜。我的注意力聚焦于每一个对人类纤弱情感而言最难以承受的对象。我目睹人类优美的形态如何被贬损消蚀;我见到死亡的腐败如何接替生命的红润面颊;我看见蠕虫如何继承眼睛与大脑的奇迹。我驻足沉思,检视分析所有因果关系的细微之处,正如从生到死、从死到生的变迁所例证,直到从这片黑暗中,一道突如其来的光芒照进我心--这光芒如此灿烂奇妙,却又如此简单,以至它所揭示的广阔前景令我头晕目眩,我惊讶于,在众多天才之士将探究指向同一科学时,唯独我被留存来发现如此惊人的秘密。

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phenomena /fəˈnɒmɪnə/
n. 现象(phenomenon 的复数)
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endued /ɪnˈdjuːd/
v. 赋予,授予
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whence /wens/
adv. 从何处,由此
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brink /brɪŋk/
n. 边缘,临界点
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cowardice /ˈkaʊədɪs/
n. 懦弱,胆怯
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thenceforth /ˌðensˈfɔːθ/
adv. 从那时起,此后
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physiology /ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi/
n. 生理学
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irksome /ˈɜːksəm/
adj. 令人厌烦的,讨厌的
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recourse /rɪˈkɔːs/
n. 求助,依靠
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corruption /kəˈrʌpʃn/
n. 腐败,腐烂
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apparition /ˌæpəˈrɪʃn/
n. 幽灵,幻影
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receptacle /rɪˈseptəkl/
n. 容器,存放处
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charnel-houses /ˈtʃɑːnl haʊzɪz/
n. 藏骸所,停尸房
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insupportable /ˌɪnsəˈpɔːtəbl/
adj. 难以忍受的,不可支持的
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beheld /bɪˈheld/
v. 看见,注视
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minutiae /mɪˈnjuːʃiː/
n. 细节,琐事
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causation /kɔːˈzeɪʃn/
n. 因果关系,原因
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immensity /ɪˈmensəti/
n. 巨大,无限

记住,我并非在记述疯人的幻象。我此刻断言之事,其真实性不亚于太阳确在天穹照耀。或许是某种奇迹造就了它,但发现的各个阶段却清晰可信。经过日以继夜难以置信的辛劳与疲惫,我成功发现了生殖与生命的成因;不仅如此,我自身也已掌握了将生命赋予无生命物质的能耐。

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bestowing /bɪˈstəʊɪŋ/
v. 授予,给予

我最初对此发现的惊愕,很快让位于喜悦与狂喜。在经历了如此多痛苦的劳碌后,一举登上渴求的巅峰,是我辛劳最令人满足的圆满。但这发现如此伟大、如此压倒一切,以至逐步引领我至此的所有步骤都被抹去,我只看到结果。自创世以来最智慧之士研究与渴望之物,如今已在我掌握之中。并非如魔法场景般,一切突然展现在我眼前;我所获得的与其说是现成的成果,不如说是一种指引,只要我朝着目标努力,它就能为我指明方向。我就像那位与死者同葬的阿拉伯人,仅凭一丝微光--看似徒劳的光--找到了通往生命的通道。

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rapture /ˈræptʃə(r)/
n. 狂喜,着迷
🔊
obliterated /əˈblɪtəreɪtɪd/
v. 抹去,消灭

朋友,从你的急切,以及你眼中表达的惊奇与希望,我看得出你期待得知我所知晓的秘密;但这不行:耐心听我讲完故事,你便会轻易明白我为何对此话题讳莫如深。我不会引导你,像我当时那样毫无戒备、满腔热忱,走向毁灭与必然的悲惨。从我这里学习,即便不靠我的训诫,至少通过我的榜样,知识的获取是何等危险;与那些渴望超越本性所容许之限度的人相比,安于故土即世界的人,何其幸福!

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infallible /ɪnˈfæləbl/
adj. 绝对可靠的,不会错的
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acquirement /əˈkwaɪəmənt/
n. 获得,学识
🔊 When I found so astonishing a power placed within my hands, I hesitated a long time concerning the manner in which I should employ it. Although I possessed the capacity of bestowing animation, yet to prepare a frame for the reception of it, with all its intricacies of fibres, muscles, and veins, still remained a work of inconceivable difficulty and labour. I doubted at first whether I should attempt the creation of a being like myself, or one of simpler organization; but my imagination was too much exalted by my first success to permit me to doubt of my ability to give life to an animal as complex and wonderful as man. The materials at present within my command hardly appeared adequate to so arduous an undertaking; but I doubted not that I should ultimately succeed. I prepared myself for a multitude of reverses; my operations might be incessantly baffled, and at last my work be imperfect: yet, when I considered the improvement which every day takes place in science and mechanics, I was encouraged to hope my present attempts would at least lay the foundations of future success. Nor could I consider the magnitude and complexity of my plan as any argument of its impracticability. It was with these feelings that I began the creation of a human being. As the minuteness of the parts formed a great hinderance to my speed, I resolved, contrary to my first intention, to make the being of a gigantic stature; that is to say, about eight feet in height, and proportionably large. After having formed this determination, and having spent some months in successfully collecting and arranging my materials, I began.

当我发现自己掌握了如此惊人的力量时,我犹豫了很久,不知该如何运用这份能力。尽管我拥有赋予生命的能力,但准备一个容纳它的框架,连同其纤维、肌肉和静脉的所有错综复杂,仍是一项难以想象的艰巨工程。起初,我犹豫是否该尝试创造一个像我一样的生命,还是一个结构更简单的生物;但我的想象力因初次成功而过度膨胀,不容我怀疑自己能否赋予如人类般复杂奇妙的动物以生命。手头现有的材料,对于这般艰巨的工程,似乎远远不够;但我毫不怀疑自己终将成功。我做好了遭遇无数次挫折的准备;我的操作可能不断受挫,最终作品可能残缺;然而,当我想到科学与机械日新月异的进步,我便受到鼓舞,希望当前的尝试至少能为未来的成功奠定基础。我也不能将计划的宏大与复杂视为其不可行的论据。正是怀着这些感受,我开始了创造人类的工程。由于部件的细微对我的进度构成巨大阻碍,我违背初衷,决定将造物塑造成巨人般的体型;也就是说,高约八英尺,比例相应庞大。下定决心后,我花了数月时间成功收集并整理材料,然后开始了工作。

🔊
intricacies /ˈɪntrɪkəsiz/
n. 复杂细节,错综复杂
🔊
arduous /ˈɑːdjuəs/
adj. 艰巨的,艰苦的
🔊
incessantly /ɪnˈsesntli/
adv. 不停地,持续地
🔊
impracticability /ɪmˌpræktɪkəˈbɪləti/
n. 不切实际,不可行性
🔊
hinderance /ˈhɪndərəns/
n. 阻碍,障碍
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gigantic /dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/
adj. 巨大的,庞大的

无人能想象,在最初成功的狂热中,如飓风般推动我向前的纷繁情感。生与死在我看来是理想的界限,我将率先冲破,将一道光之洪流倾注于我们黑暗的世界。一个新物种会视我为造物主与源头而祝福我;许多幸福卓越的天性将因我而存在。没有哪位父亲能像我有资格赢得其子女的感激那般完全。追随着这些思绪,我想,如果我能赋予无生命物质以生命,或许假以时日,在死亡显然已将躯体奉献给腐朽之处,重新赋予生命。

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torrent /ˈtɒrənt/
n. 激流,迸发
🔊 These thoughts supported my spirits, while I pursued my undertaking with unremitting ardour. My cheek had grown pale with study, and my person had become emaciated with confinement. Sometimes, on the very brink of certainty, I failed; yet still I clung to the hope which the next day or the next hour might realise. One secret which I alone possessed was the hope to which I had dedicated myself; and the moon gazed on my midnight labours, while, with unrelaxed and breathless eagerness, I pursued nature to her hiding-places. Who shall conceive the horrors of my secret toil, as I dabbled among the unhallowed damps of the grave, or tortured the living animal to animate the lifeless clay? My limbs now tremble, and my eyes swim with the remembrance; but then a resistless, and almost frantic, impulse, urged me forward; I seemed to have lost all soul or sensation but for this one pursuit. It was indeed but a passing trance, that only made me feel with renewed acuteness so soon as, the unnatural stimulus ceasing to operate, I had returned to my old habits. I collected bones from charnel-houses; and disturbed, with profane fingers, the tremendous secrets of the human frame. In a solitary chamber, or rather cell, at the top of the house, and separated from all the other apartments by a gallery and staircase, I kept my workshop of filthy creation: my eye-balls were starting from their sockets in attending to the details of my employment. The dissecting room and the slaughter-house furnished many of my materials; and often did my human nature turn with loathing from my occupation, whilst, still urged on by an eagerness which perpetually increased, I brought my work near to a conclusion.

这些思绪支撑着我的精神,而我以不懈的热情继续我的事业。我的面颊因钻研而苍白,身形因禁闭而消瘦。有时,就在确信的边缘,我失败了;但我仍然紧紧抓住希望,期待下一天或下一小时能实现它。唯我一人知晓的秘密,便是那支撑我坚持下去的希望;月亮凝视着我子夜时分的劳作,而我以毫不松懈、屏息凝神的急切,追踪自然至其隐匿之处。谁能设想我秘密劳役的恐怖,当我涉足坟墓的不洁潮湿,或折磨活体动物以激活无生命的黏土?我的四肢如今因回忆而颤抖,双眼眩晕;但当时,一股不可抗拒、近乎狂乱的冲动驱策我前进;我似乎丧失了一切灵魂与感觉,只为此一追求。那确实只是一阵短暂的恍惚,一旦那不自然的刺激停止作用,我回归旧习,便以重新唤醒的敏锐感受一切。我从藏骸所收集骨头;用亵渎的手指,搅扰人体框架的可怕秘密。在一间孤寂的房间,或者说牢房,位于房屋顶层,通过一条走廊和楼梯与其他所有房间隔开,我设立了污秽创造的工坊:我全神贯注于工作的细节,眼珠子都快要瞪出来了。解剖室和屠宰场提供了我的许多材料;我的人性常因厌恶而远离我的职业,然而,被一种不断增长的急切所驱策,我将作品推向完成。

🔊
unremitting /ˌʌnrɪˈmɪtɪŋ/
adj. 不懈的,持续的
🔊
emaciated /ɪˈmeɪʃieɪtɪd/
adj. 消瘦的,衰弱的
🔊
unhallowed /ʌnˈhæləʊd/
adj. 不神圣的,亵渎的
🔊
resistless /rɪˈzɪstləs/
adj. 不可抵抗的,无法抗拒的
🔊
trance /trɑːns/
n. 恍惚,出神
🔊
profane /prəˈfeɪn/
adj. 亵渎的,世俗的
🔊
tremendous /trəˈmendəs/
adj. 巨大的,惊人的
🔊
loathing /ˈləʊðɪŋ/
n. 厌恶,憎恨

夏季月份在我如此全心全意投身于一项目标中流逝。那是个极美的季节;田野从未赐予更丰饶的收获,葡萄藤也从未结出更繁茂的果实;但我的双眼对自然的魅力无动于衷。同样的感受使我忽略了周遭景致,也让我遗忘了那些远在千里之外、久未谋面的朋友。我深知自己的杳无音信令他们忧心不已;我清楚地记得父亲的话:“我知道当你自我满意时,你会满怀深情想起我们,我们会定期收到你的信。若我将你通信的任何中断视为你同样忽略了其他职责的证明,你必须原谅我。”

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luxuriant /lʌɡˈʒʊəriənt/
adj. 茂盛的,丰富的
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vintage /ˈvɪntɪdʒ/
n. 葡萄收获期,葡萄酒

因此,我深知父亲的感受会是如何;但我无法将思绪从我的事业中抽离,这事业本身令人厌恶,却已不可抗拒地掌控了我的想象。我仿佛希望拖延所有与亲情感受相关之事,直到那吞噬了我天性中每个习惯的伟大目标完成。

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procrastinate /prəʊˈkræstɪneɪt/
v. 拖延,耽搁

当时我认为,父亲若将我的疏忽归咎于恶习或我的过错,那是不公正的;但我现在确信,他设想我并非完全无罪是合理的。一个完美的人应始终保持平静安宁的心境,绝不让激情或短暂欲望扰乱其宁静。我不认为追求知识是此规则的例外。如果你投入的学问有削弱你的亲情、摧毁你对那些单纯乐趣的品味的倾向,那么这门学问当然是不正当的,也就是说,不适合人类心智。如果此规则总是被遵守;如果没有让任何追求干扰其家庭亲情的宁静,希腊便不致沦亡;凯撒便能护佑他的祖国;美洲的发现也将是循序渐进的历程;墨西哥与秘鲁的帝国亦不会倾覆。

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transitory /ˈtrænzɪtri/
adj. 短暂的,暂时的
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tranquillity /træŋˈkwɪləti/
n. 平静,安宁
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alloy /ˈælɔɪ/
n. 合金,混合物

但我忘了,在我故事最有趣的部分进行道德说教;你的表情提醒我继续。

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moralising /ˈmɒrəlaɪzɪŋ/
v. 说教,进行道德训诫

父亲在信中未加责备,只是比以前更详细地询问我的活动来注意到我的沉默。冬、春、夏在我的劳役中流逝;但我未曾留意花朵或舒展的树叶--这些景象从前总带给我至高愉悦--我如此深深沉浸于我的职业中。那年的树叶在我的作品接近完成前已枯萎;如今每一天都更清楚地向我展示我多么成功。但我的热情被焦虑所抑制,我看起来更像一个被奴役命运驱使在矿井或其他有害行业中劳苦的人,而非一位从事心爱事业的艺术家。每晚,我被一种缓慢的发热所压迫,变得神经紧张到极为痛苦的程度;一片落叶都会惊吓到我,我躲避同类,仿佛犯下了罪行。有时,我对自己已沦为的残骸感到惊慌;唯有我目标的精力支撑着我:我的劳役很快会结束,我相信运动和娱乐将驱走初起的疾病;我向自己承诺,当我的创造完成时,这两者都将实现。

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reproach /rɪˈprəʊtʃ/
n. 责备,耻辱
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engrossed /ɪnˈɡrəʊst/
adj. 全神贯注的,专心致志的
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incipient /ɪnˈsɪpiənt/
adj. 初期的,刚开始的
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