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Chapter two (第二章)

探索《一间自己的房间》第2章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细的雅思词汇及解释,以及英文原文音频。边听边提升阅读技巧。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

场景--如果您愿意随我移步的话--已经变了。树叶仍在飘落,但地点换成了伦敦,而非牛津和剑桥;我必须请您想象一个房间,与万千房间相似,窗户望出去是人们的帽子、货车和汽车,以及对面的窗户,房间内的桌子上放着一张白纸,上面用大字写着“女性与小说”,但仅此而已。在牛津和剑桥午餐和晚餐后,似乎不可避免地要造访大英博物馆,这实在不幸。我们得从所有这些印象中滤去个人的、偶然的成分,从而萃取出纯粹的流质,那真理的香精油。因为那次牛津和剑桥之行以及午宴和晚宴,引发了一连串问题。为何男人饮酒而女人喝水?为何一个性别如此富裕而另一个如此贫穷?贫困对小说有何影响?艺术创作需要哪些条件?--无数问题瞬间涌现。但我们需要的是答案,而非问题;而答案只能通过咨询那些博学且无偏见的学者获得,他们超脱了口舌之争和肉体的困惑,将推理与研究的结果呈现在书籍中,这些书可以在大英博物馆找到。如果真理不在大英博物馆的书架上,我自问,拿起笔记本和铅笔,真理又在何处?

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inevitable /ɪnˈevɪtəbl/
adj. 不可避免的,必然发生的
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impressions /ɪmˈpreʃnz/
n. 印象,感想
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essential /ɪˈsenʃl/
adj. 本质的,基本的,必不可少的
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swarm /swɔːm/
n. 一大群(昆虫等),蜂群
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prosperous /ˈprɒspərəs/
adj. 繁荣的,成功的,富足的
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unprejudiced /ʌnˈpredʒədɪst/
adj. 无偏见的,公正的
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strife /straɪf/
n. 冲突,争斗,纷争
🔊 Thus provided, thus confident and enquiring, I set out in the pursuit of truth. The day, though not actually wet, was dismal, and the streets in the neighbourhood of the Museum were full of open coal-holes, down which sacks were showering; four-wheeled cabs were drawing up and depositing on the pavement corded boxes containing, presumably, the entire wardrobe of some Swiss or Italian family seeking fortune or refuge or some other desirable commodity which is to be found in the boarding-houses of Bloomsbury in the winter. The usual hoarse-voiced men paraded the streets with plants on barrows. Some shouted; others sang. London was like a workshop. London was like a machine. We were all being shot backwards and forwards on this plain foundation to make some pattern. The British Museum was another department of the factory. The swing-doors swung open; and there one stood under the vast dome, as if one were a thought in the huge bald forehead which is so splendidly encircled by a band of famous names. One went to the counter; one took a slip of paper; one opened a volume of the catalogue, and..... the five dots here indicate five separate minutes of stupefaction, wonder and bewilderment. Have you any notion how many books are written about women in the course of one year? Have you any notion how many are written by men? Are you aware that you are, perhaps, the most discussed animal in the universe? Here had I come with a notebook and a pencil proposing to spend a morning reading, supposing that at the end of the morning I should have transferred the truth to my notebook. But I should need to be a herd of elephants, I thought, and a wilderness of spiders, desperately referring to the animals that are reputed longest lived and most multitudinously eyed, to cope with all this. I should need claws of steel and beak of brass even to penetrate the husk. How shall I ever find the grains of truth embedded in all this mass of paper? I asked myself, and in despair began running my eye up and down the long list of titles. Even the names of the books gave me food for thought. Sex and its nature might well attract doctors and biologists; but what was surprising and difficult of explanation was the fact that sex-woman, that is to say-also attracts agreeable essayists, light-fingered novelists, young men who have taken the M.A. degree; men who have taken no degree; men who have no apparent qualification save that they are not women. Some of these books were, on the face of it, frivolous and facetious; but many, on the other hand, were serious and prophetic, moral and hortatory. Merely to read the titles suggested innumerable schoolmasters, innumerable clergymen mounting their platforms and pulpits and holding forth with a loquacity which far exceeded the hour usually allotted to such discourse on this one subject. It was a most strange phenomenon; and apparently-here I consulted the letter M-one confined to the male sex. Women do not write books about men-a fact that I could not help welcoming with relief, for if I had first to read all that men have written about women, then all that women have written about men, the aloe that flowers once in a hundred years would flower twice before I could set pen to paper. So, making a perfectly arbitrary choice of a dozen volumes or so, I sent my slips of paper to lie in the wire tray, and waited in my stall, among the other seekers for the essential oil of truth.

如此装备整齐,如此信心满满而又充满探究欲,我动身去追寻真理。那天虽未真正下雨,却阴沉沉的,博物馆附近的街道上满是敞开的煤洞,麻袋正倾泻而下;四轮马车停靠路边,将捆扎的箱子卸在人行道上,里面想必装着某个瑞士或意大利家庭的全部衣橱,他们来此寻找财富或避难所,或是其他在布鲁姆斯伯里寄宿公寓冬季里可得的诱人物品。通常那些嗓音嘶哑的男子推着载有植物的手推车在街上游行。有人叫卖;有人歌唱。伦敦宛如一座工坊。伦敦宛如一台机器。我们都在这平坦的基础上被来回投射,以构成某种图案。大英博物馆是这工厂的另一个部门。旋转门晃动着打开;人站在那巨大的穹顶之下,仿佛成了某个宏伟思想的一部分,这思想栖居于一个光秃秃的巨大前额,而前额又辉煌地环绕着一圈显赫的名字。人走向柜台;取一张纸片;翻开目录的一卷,然后……这里的五个点代表了五分钟的目瞪口呆、惊异与困惑。您可知道一年之中有多少关于女性的书籍被撰写?您可知道其中有多少是男性所写?您是否意识到,自己或许是宇宙中被讨论最多的动物?我带着笔记本和铅笔而来,原打算花一个上午阅读,以为到上午结束时便能将真理誊录到笔记本上。但我想,我需要成为一群大象,一片蜘蛛的荒野--我绝望地援引那些据说寿命最长、眼睛最多的动物--才能应对这一切。我需要钢爪和铜喙,方能穿透这外壳。如何从这浩如烟海的纸张中寻得真理的颗粒?我自问道,绝望地让目光在长长的书名列表上来回游移。甚至这些书名都令我深思。性别及其本质或许能吸引医生和生物学家;但令人惊讶且难以解释的是,性别--即女性--竟也吸引着讨人喜欢的散文家、笔触轻佻的小说家、取得硕士学位的年轻人;未取得学位的人;除了不是女人外毫无明显资格的人。这些书中,有些表面轻浮滑稽;但另一方面,许多却严肃而富有预言性,道德劝诫,苦口婆心。仅仅阅读这些标题,就让人联想到无数的校长、无数的牧师登上讲台和布道坛,滔滔不绝地讲述,其冗长远超通常分配给这一主题的时段。这是一种极其奇特的现象;而且显然--此处我查阅了字母M--仅限于男性。女性不写关于男性的书--这一事实我不禁欣慰地欢迎,因为如果我必须先读完男性所写关于女性的一切,再读完女性所写关于男性的一切,那么百年一开的芦荟也会在我动笔之前绽放两次。于是,我随意选择了十几卷左右,将纸片送入铁丝托盘,在自己的隔间里等待,置身于其他追寻真理香精油的探索者之中。

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enquiring /ɪnˈkwaɪərɪŋ/
adj. 探寻的,好问的
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dismal /ˈdɪzməl/
adj. 阴沉的,忧郁的,凄凉的
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presumably /prɪˈzjuːməbli/
adv. 大概,很可能,据推测
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commodity /kəˈmɒdəti/
n. 商品,货物
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boarding-houses /ˈbɔːdɪŋ haʊzɪz/
n. 提供食宿的公寓,寄宿公寓
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hoarse-voiced /ˌhɔːs ˈvɔɪst/
adj. 声音嘶哑的
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stupefaction /ˌstjuːpɪˈfækʃn/
n. 惊愕,目瞪口呆,神志不清
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herd /hɜːd/
n. 兽群,牧群
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wilderness /ˈwɪldənəs/
n. 荒野,不毛之地
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multitudinously /ˌmʌltɪˈtjuːdɪnəsli/
adv. 大量地,众多地
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husk /hʌsk/
n. 外壳,外皮,(尤指谷物的)荚
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embedded /ɪmˈbedɪd/
adj. 嵌入的,深植的
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light-fingered /ˌlaɪt ˈfɪŋɡəd/
adj. 手指灵巧的;有偷窃癖的
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frivolous /ˈfrɪvələs/
adj. 轻浮的,琐碎的,无意义的
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facetious /fəˈsiːʃəs/
adj. 乱开玩笑的,轻浮的
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prophetic /prəˈfetɪk/
adj. 预言的,预示的
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hortatory /ˈhɔːtətəri/
adj. 劝告的,激励的
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loquacity /ləˈkwæsəti/
n. 多话,饶舌
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allotted /əˈlɒtɪd/
adj. 分配的,拨给的
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aloe /ˈæləʊ/
n. 芦荟
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arbitrary /ˈɑːbɪtrəri/
adj. 任意的,武断的,专制的
🔊 What could be the reason, then, of this curious disparity, I wondered, drawing cartwheels on the slips of paper provided by the British taxpayer for other purposes. Why are women, judging from this catalogue, so much more interesting to men than men are to women? A very curious fact it seemed, and my mind wandered to picture the lives of men who spend their time in writing books about women; whether they were old or young, married or unmarried, red-nosed or hump-backed-anyhow, it was flattering, vaguely, to feel oneself the object of such attention, provided that it was not entirely bestowed by the crippled and the infirm-so I pondered until all such frivolous thoughts were ended by an avalanche of books sliding down on to the desk in front of me. Now the trouble began. The student who has been trained in research at Oxbridge has no doubt some method of shepherding his question past all distractions till it runs into its answer as a sheep runs into its pen. The student by my side, for instance, who was copying assiduously from a scientific manual, was, I felt sure, extracting pure nuggets of the essential ore every ten minutes or so. His little grunts of satisfaction indicated so much. But if, unfortunately, one has had no training in a university, the question far from being shepherded to its pen flies like a frightened flock hither and thither, helter-skelter, pursued by a whole pack of hounds. Professors, schoolmasters, sociologists, clergymen, novelists, essayists, journalists, men who had no qualification save that they were not women, chased my simple and single question-Why are women poor?-until it became fifty questions; until the fifty questions leapt frantically into mid-stream and were carried away. Every page in my notebook was scribbled over with notes. To show the state of mind I was in, I will read you a few of them, explaining that the page was headed quite simply, Women and Poverty, in block letters; but what followed was something like this:

那么,这种奇特的差异缘由何在?我一边纳闷,一边在英国纳税人为其他目的提供的纸片上画着车轮。为何根据这份目录,女性对男性而言远比男性对女性更有趣?这似乎是个非常奇怪的事实,我的思绪飘散开,去勾勒那些以撰写女性之书为业的男人们的生活;他们是老是少,已婚未婚,红鼻头还是罗锅背--无论如何,这么去想象他们,都让我隐约觉得受宠若惊,只要这不完全来自残疾和体弱之人--我如此思忖,直到所有这类轻浮念头被滑落到我面前书桌上的一堆书籍所淹没。现在麻烦开始了。在牛津和剑桥受过研究训练的学生,无疑有某种方法引导他的问题避开所有干扰,直至找到答案,就像羊群跑进羊圈。例如,我旁边那位学生正勤奋地从一本科学手册中抄录,我确信他每隔十分钟左右就能提取出纯粹的金块。他满足的轻哼便说明了这一点。但不幸的是,如果一个人未曾受过大学训练,问题非但不会被引向羊圈,反而像受惊的羊群四处乱窜,被一整群猎犬追逐。教授、校长、社会学家、牧师、小说家、散文家、记者,以及除了不是女人外别无资格的人,追逐着我那个简单而单一的问题--为何女性贫穷?--直到它变成五十个问题;直到这五十个问题疯狂地跳入中流,被冲走。我笔记本的每一页都涂满了笔记。为展示我当时的心境,我将向您朗读其中几条,并说明这一页的标题用大写字母简单写着“女性与贫困”;但随后的内容大致如下:

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disparity /dɪˈspærəti/
n. 差异,悬殊,不平等
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flattering /ˈflætərɪŋ/
adj. 奉承的,讨人喜欢的,使优点突出的
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avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/
n. 雪崩;大量涌来
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shepherding /ˈʃepədɪŋ/
v. (动名词). 带领,引导,照看(像牧羊人一样)
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assiduously /əˈsɪdʒuəsli/
adv. 勤勉地,刻苦地,一丝不苟地
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nuggets /ˈnʌɡɪts/
n. 小块,(尤指)天然金块;有价值的小信息
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ore /ɔː(r)/
n. 矿石
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helter-skelter /ˌheltə ˈskeltə(r)/
adv. 慌乱地,仓促地,手忙脚乱地
🔊
frantically /ˈfræntɪkli/
adv. 发狂似地,疯狂地,拼命地

中世纪状况,斐济岛习惯,被奉为女神,道德感较弱,理想主义,更尽责,南海岛民,青春期年龄,吸引力,被用作祭品,脑容量较小,潜意识更深,体毛较少,心智、道德及体力低劣,爱孩子,寿命较长,肌肉较弱,情感强烈,虚荣,高等教育,莎士比亚的观点,伯肯黑德勋爵的观点,英奇教长的观点,拉布吕耶尔的观点,约翰逊博士的观点,奥斯卡·布朗宁先生的观点,……

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Middle Ages /ˌmɪdl ˈeɪdʒɪz/
n. 中世纪(欧洲历史上约公元500-1500年)
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Fiji Islands /ˈfiːdʒi ˈaɪləndz/
n. 斐济群岛(南太平洋国家)
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goddesses /ˈɡɒdesɪz/
n. 女神
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conscientiousness /ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəsnəs/
n. 尽责,认真,一丝不苟
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South Sea Islanders /ˌsaʊθ ˈsiː ˈaɪləndəz/
n. 南太平洋群岛居民
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puberty /ˈpjuːbəti/
n. 青春期
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sub-consciousness /sʌbˈkɒnʃəsnəs/
n. 下意识,潜意识(subconsciousness的另一种拼写)
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affections /əˈfekʃnz/
n. 感情,爱慕

我在此处喘息,并在页边补充道,确实,塞缪尔·巴特勒为何说,“智者从不言说他们对女性的看法?”智者显然从不说其他话。

🔊
indeed /ɪnˈdiːd/
adv. 确实,的确
🔊
margin /ˈmɑːrdʒɪn/
n. 边缘;页边空白;差额
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apparently /əˈpærəntli/
adv. 显然地;表面上

但是,我继续着,靠在椅背上,望着那巨大的穹顶--在那里,我是一个单一但此刻有些烦扰的念头--不幸的是,智者对女性的看法从未一致。这里有蒲柏:大多数女性毫无个性。这里有拉布吕耶尔:女性是极端的;她们比男性更好或更糟--这是同时代敏锐观察者的直接矛盾。她们能否受教育?拿破仑认为不能。约翰逊博士持相反意见。她们有灵魂吗?一些野蛮人说没有。另一些人则主张女性半神性,并因此崇拜她们。有些哲人认为她们头脑较浅;另一些则认为她们意识更深。歌德尊敬她们;墨索里尼鄙视她们。无论望向何处,男性都在思考女性,且想法各异。我断定这一切毫无头绪,羡慕地瞥了一眼隔壁的读者,他正做着最整洁的摘要,标题常以A、B或C开头,而我的笔记本却混乱地涂满了矛盾杂记。这令人沮丧,令人困惑,令人屈辱。真理已从指间溜走。每一滴都已逃逸。

🔊
harassed /ˈhærəst/
adj. 疲惫不堪的,饱受困扰的
🔊
contradiction /ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃn/
n. 矛盾,反驳
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savages /ˈsævɪdʒɪz/
n. 野蛮人,未开化的人(过时且冒犯的用法)
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divine /dɪˈvaɪn/
adj. 神的,神圣的,极好的
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abstracts /ˈæbstrækts/
n. 摘要,梗概
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rioted /ˈraɪətɪd/
v. 骚乱;放纵;充满(此处指杂乱地布满)
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scribble /ˈskrɪbl/
n. 潦草的字迹,涂鸦
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jottings /ˈdʒɒtɪŋz/
n. 简短笔记,匆匆记下的东西
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humiliating /hjuːˈmɪlieɪtɪŋ/
adj. 羞辱性的,丢脸的

我反思道,我绝不能就这样回家,并在关于女性和小说的研究中严肃地贡献说女性体毛比男性少,或南海岛民的青春期年龄是九岁--还是九十岁?--就连字迹也因分心而难以辨认。整个上午的工作后,拿不出更有分量或更体面的东西,真是丢脸。如果我无法把握W.(为简洁起见,我如此称呼她)过去的真相,又何须烦扰未来的W.?咨询所有那些专攻女性及其对政治、儿童、工资、道德等方面影响的先生们,似乎纯属浪费时间,尽管他们人数众多且学识渊博。不如让他们的书原封不动。

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indecipherable /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪfrəbl/
adj. 难以辨认的,难以破译的
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disgraceful /dɪsˈɡreɪsfl/
adj. 可耻的,不光彩的
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brevity /ˈbrevəti/
n. 简洁,短暂
🔊 But while I pondered I had unconsciously, in my listlessness, in my desperation, been drawing a picture where I should, like my neighbour, have been writing a conclusion. I had been drawing a face, a figure. It was the face and the figure of Professor von X. engaged in writing his monumental work entitled The Mental, Moral, and Physical Inferiority of the Female Sex. He was not in my picture a man attractive to women. He was heavily built; he had a great jowl; to balance that he had very small eyes; he was very red in the face. His expression suggested that he was labouring under some emotion that made him jab his pen on the paper as if he were killing some noxious insect as he wrote, but even when he had killed it that did not satisfy him; he must go on killing it; and even so, some cause for anger and irritation remained. Could it be his wife, I asked, looking at my picture? Was she in love with a cavalry officer? Was the cavalry officer slim and elegant and dressed in astrachan? Had he been laughed at, to adopt the Freudian theory, in his cradle by a pretty girl? For even in his cradle the professor, I thought, could not have been an attractive child. Whatever the reason, the professor was made to look very angry and very ugly in my sketch, as he wrote his great book upon the mental, moral and physical inferiority of women. Drawing pictures was an idle way of finishing an unprofitable morning's work. Yet it is in our idleness, in our dreams, that the submerged truth sometimes comes to the top. A very elementary exercise in psychology, not to be dignified by the name of psycho-analysis, showed me, on looking at my notebook, that the sketch of the angry professor had been made in anger. Anger had snatched my pencil while I dreamt. But what was anger doing there? Interest, confusion, amusement, boredom-all these emotions I could trace and name as they succeeded each other throughout the morning. Had anger, the black snake, been lurking among them? Yes, said the sketch, anger had. It referred me unmistakably to the one book, to the one phrase, which had roused the demon; it was the professor's statement about the mental, moral and physical inferiority of women. My heart had leapt. My cheeks had burnt. I had flushed with anger. There was nothing specially remarkable, however foolish, in that. One does not like to be told that one is naturally the inferior of a little man-I looked at the student next me-who breathes hard, wears a ready-made tie, and has not shaved this fortnight. One has certain foolish vanities. It is only human nature, I reflected, and began drawing cartwheels and circles over the angry professor's face till he looked like a burning bush or a flaming comet-anyhow, an apparition without human semblance or significance. The professor was nothing now but a faggot burning on the top of Hampstead Heath. Soon my own anger was explained and done with; but curiosity remained. How explain the anger of the professors? Why were they angry? For when it came to analysing the impression left by these books there was always an element of heat. This heat took many forms; it showed itself in satire, in sentiment, in curiosity, in reprobation. But there was another element which was often present and could not immediately be identified. Anger, I called it. But it was anger that had gone underground and mixed itself with all kinds of other emotions. To judge from its odd effects, it was anger disguised and complex, not anger simple and open.

但在我沉思之际,我不知不觉地,在倦怠与绝望中,画起画来,而我本该像邻座那样写下结论。我画了一张脸,一个身形。那是冯·X教授的脸和身形,他正致力于撰写其巨著《女性在心智、道德及体力上的低劣》。在我的画中,他并非吸引女性的男人。他体型魁梧;下颌宽大;为平衡起见,眼睛极小;面色通红。他的表情暗示他正受某种情绪困扰,使得他猛戳钢笔,仿佛在书写时杀死某种有害昆虫,但即使杀死了它,他仍不满足;必须继续杀戮;即便如此,那种愤懑与烦躁的缘由依然存在。看着我的画,我问,会是他的妻子吗?她爱上了一位骑兵军官?那军官是否苗条优雅,穿着阿斯特拉罕羊皮?根据弗洛伊德理论,他是否在摇篮里被一个漂亮女孩嘲笑过?因为我想,即使是在摇篮里,教授也不可能是个吸引人的孩子。无论原因为何,在我的素描中,教授显得非常愤怒且丑陋,正如他撰写那部关于女性心智、道德及体力低劣的大作时一样。画画是结束一个无益上午工作的懒散方式。然而,正是在我们的闲散与梦境中,潜藏的真理有时浮出水面。一个非常基础的心理学练习--不足以冠以精神分析之名--在查看笔记本时向我显示,那位愤怒教授的素描是在怒气中绘成的。在我出神之际,是愤怒夺过了我的铅笔。但愤怒为何在那里?兴趣、困惑、愉悦、厌倦--所有这些情绪我都能追溯并命名,它们在整个上午相继出现。愤怒这条黑蛇是否潜伏其中?是的,素描说,愤怒在。它明确指向那一本书,那一句话,唤醒了恶魔;正是教授关于女性心智、道德及体力低劣的陈述。我的心跳加速。我的脸颊发烫。我因愤怒而脸红。然而,这并无特别值得注意之处,无论多么愚蠢。没有人喜欢被告知自己天生不如一个小个子男人--我看了看身旁的学生--他呼吸粗重,戴着现成的领带,两周没刮胡子。人总有某些愚蠢的虚荣。我反思道,这只是人性使然,并开始在愤怒教授的脸上画起车轮和圆圈,直到他看起来像一丛燃烧的灌木或一颗炽热的彗星--总之,一个无人形或无意义的幽灵。教授现在只是汉普斯特德荒野上燃烧的一捆柴薪。很快,我自己的愤怒得到解释并消散;但好奇心仍在。如何解释教授们的怒气?他们为何愤怒?因为分析这些书籍留下的印象时,总有一股热烈的元素。这股热以多种形式显现;体现在讽刺、感伤、好奇、谴责中。但还有另一种元素时常存在,且无法立即辨识。我称之为愤怒。但这是潜入地下并与各种其他情绪混合的愤怒。从其奇特效果判断,这是伪装而复杂的愤懑,而非简单直白的怒气。

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listlessness /ˈlɪstləsnəs/
n. 无精打采,倦怠
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monumental /ˌmɒnjuˈmentl/
adj. 纪念碑(似)的;巨大的,不朽的
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Inferiority /ɪnˌfɪəriˈɒrəti/
n. 低劣,劣势,自卑感
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jowl /dʒaʊl/
n. 下颌,腮帮子
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noxious /ˈnɒkʃəs/
adj. 有害的,有毒的
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Freudian /ˈfrɔɪdiən/
adj. 弗洛伊德的,精神分析学的
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astrachan /ˈæstrəkən/
n. 阿斯特拉罕羔羊皮(一种卷毛的黑色羊皮)
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submerged /səbˈmɜːdʒd/
adj. 淹没的,在水下的;隐藏的,潜在的
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lurking /ˈlɜːkɪŋ/
v. (现在分词). 潜伏,潜藏
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demon /ˈdiːmən/
n. 恶魔;心魔,无法摆脱的恶念
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apparition /ˌæpəˈrɪʃn/
n. 幽灵,幻影
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faggot /ˈfæɡət/
n. 柴捆,束薪
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reprobation /ˌreprəˈbeɪʃn/
n. 谴责,斥责
🔊 Whatever the reason, all these books, I thought, surveying the pile on the desk, are worthless for my purposes. They were worthless scientifically, that is to say, though humanly they were full of instruction, interest, boredom, and very queer facts about the habits of the Fiji Islanders. They had been written in the red light of emotion and not in the white light of truth. Therefore they must be returned to the central desk and restored each to his own cell in the enormous honeycomb. All that I had retrieved from that morning's work had been the one fact of anger. The professors-I lumped them together thus-were angry. But why, I asked myself, having returned the books, why, I repeated, standing under the colonnade among the pigeons and the prehistoric canoes, why are they angry? And, asking myself this question, I strolled off to find a place for luncheon. What is the real nature of what I call for the moment their anger? I asked. Here was a puzzle that would last all the time that it takes to be served with food in a small restaurant somewhere near the British Museum. Some previous luncher had left the lunch edition of the evening paper on a chair, and, waiting to be served, I began idly reading the headlines. A ribbon of very large letters ran across the page. Somebody had made a big score in South Africa. Lesser ribbons announced that Sir Austen Chamberlain was at Geneva. A meat axe with human hair on it had been found in a cellar. Mr. Justice ---- commented in the Divorce Courts upon the Shamelessness of Women. Sprinkled about the paper were other pieces of news. A film actress had been lowered from a peak in California and hung suspended in mid-air. The weather was going to be foggy. The most transient visitor to this planet, I thought, who picked up this paper could not fail to be aware, even from this scattered testimony, that England is under the rule of a patriarchy. Nobody in their senses could fail to detect the dominance of the professor. His was the power and the money and the influence. He was the proprietor of the paper and its editor and sub-editor. He was the Foreign Secretary and the Judge. He was the cricketer; he owned the racehorses and the yachts. He was the director of the company that pays two hundred per cent to its shareholders. He left millions to charities and colleges that were ruled by himself. He suspended the film actress in mid-air. He will decide if the hair on the meat axe is human; he it is who will acquit or convict the murderer, and hang him, or let him go free. With the exception of the fog he seemed to control everything. Yet he was angry. I knew that he was angry by this token. When I read what he wrote about women I thought, not of what he was saying, but of himself. When an arguer argues dispassionately he thinks only of the argument; and the reader cannot help thinking of the argument too. If he had written dispassionately about women, had used indisputable proofs to establish his argument and had shown no trace of wishing that the result should be one thing rather than another, one would not have been angry either. One would have accepted the fact, as one accepts the fact that a pea is green or a canary yellow. So be it, I should have said. But I had been angry because he was angry. Yet it seemed absurd, I thought, turning over the evening paper, that a man with all this power should be angry. Or is anger, I wondered, somehow, the familiar, the attendant sprite on power? Rich people, for example, are often angry because they suspect that the poor want to seize their wealth. The professors, or patriarchs, as it might be more accurate to call them, might be angry for that reason partly, but partly for one that lies a little less obviously on the surface. Possibly they were not "angry" at all; often, indeed, they were admiring, devoted, exemplary in the relations of private life. Possibly when the professor insisted a little too emphatically upon the inferiority of women, he was concerned not with their inferiority, but with his own superiority. That was what he was protecting rather hot-headedly and with too much emphasis, because it was a jewel to him of the rarest price. Life for both sexes-and I looked at them, shouldering their way along the pavement-is arduous, difficult, a perpetual struggle. It calls for gigantic courage and strength. More than anything, perhaps, creatures of illusion as we are, it calls for confidence in oneself. Without self-confidence we are as babes in the cradle. And how can we generate this imponderable quality, which is yet so invaluable, most quickly? By thinking that other people are inferior to oneself. By feeling that one has some innate superiority-it may be wealth, or rank, a straight nose, or the portrait of a grandfather by Romney-for there is no end to the pathetic devices of the human imagination-over other people. Hence the enormous importance to a patriarch who has to conquer, who has to rule, of feeling that great numbers of people, half the human race indeed, are by nature inferior to himself. It must indeed be one of the chief sources of his power. But let me turn the light of this observation on to real life, I thought. Does it help to explain some of those psychological puzzles that one notes in the margin of daily life? Does it explain my astonishment the other day when Z, most humane, most modest of men, taking up some book by Rebecca West and reading a passage in it, exclaimed, "The arrant feminist! She says that men are snobs!" The exclamation, to me so surprising-for why was Miss West an arrant feminist for making a possibly true if uncomplimentary statement about the other sex?-was not merely the cry of wounded vanity; it was a protest against some infringement of his power to believe in himself. Women have served all these centuries as looking-glasses possessing the magic and delicious power of reflecting the figure of man at twice its natural size. Without that power probably the earth would still be swamp and jungle. The glories of all our wars would be unknown. We should still be scratching the outlines of deer on the remains of mutton bones and bartering flints for sheep skins or whatever simple ornament took our unsophisticated taste. Supermen and Fingers of Destiny would never have existed. The Czar and the Kaiser would never have worn crowns or lost them. Whatever may be their use in civilised societies, mirrors are essential to all violent and heroic action. That is why Napoleon and Mussolini both insist so emphatically upon the inferiority of women, for if they were not inferior, they would cease to enlarge. That serves to explain in part the necessity that women so often are to men. And it serves to explain how restless they are under her criticism; how impossible it is for her to say to them this book is bad, this picture is feeble, or whatever it may be, without giving far more pain and rousing far more anger than a man would do who gave the same criticism. For if she begins to tell the truth, the figure in the looking-glass shrinks; his fitness for life is diminished. How is he to go on giving judgement, civilising natives, making laws, writing books, dressing up and speechifying at banquets, unless he can see himself at breakfast and at dinner at least twice the size he really is? So I reflected, crumbling my bread and stirring my coffee and now and again looking at the people in the street. The looking-glass vision is of supreme importance because it charges the vitality; it stimulates the nervous system. Take it away and man may die, like the drug fiend deprived of his cocaine. Under the spell of that illusion, I thought, looking out of the window, half the people on the pavement are striding to work. They put on their hats and coats in the morning under its agreeable rays. They start the day confident, braced, believing themselves desired at Miss Smith's tea party; they say to themselves as they go into the room, I am the superior of half the people here, and it is thus that they speak with that self-confidence, that self-assurance, which have had such profound consequences in public life and lead to such curious notes in the margin of the private mind.

无论如何,我审视着书桌上的那堆书,所有这些书对我的目的而言都毫无价值。它们在科学上毫无价值,也就是说,尽管在人性层面,它们充满教诲、趣味、厌倦,以及关于斐济岛民习惯的非常奇怪的事实。它们是在情感的红光而非真理的白光下写就的。因此,必须将它们归还中心服务台,各归其位,回到那巨大的蜂巢中各自的巢室。我从那个上午的工作中挽回的唯一事实便是愤怒。教授们--我如此笼统称呼--是愤怒的。但为何,我自问,归还书籍后,为何,我重复道,站在柱廊下,置身于鸽子和史前独木舟之间,他们为何愤怒?问着自己这个问题,我漫步去找地方用午餐。我暂且称之为愤怒的真实本质是什么?我问道。这是个谜题,将持续整个在大英博物馆附近小餐馆等待上菜的时间。先前的午餐者将午间版的晚报留在椅子上,等待上菜时,我懒散地读起标题。一条巨大的字母横幅横跨页面。有人在南非得了高分。较小的横幅宣布奥斯汀·张伯伦爵士在日内瓦。地窖里发现了一把沾有人类头发的肉斧。法官大人在离婚法庭评论女性的无耻。报纸上散布着其他新闻。一位电影女演员从加利福尼亚山峰被吊下,悬在半空。天气将起雾。我想,即使是最短暂的访客,拾起这份报纸,从这些零散的证据中也不难意识到,英格兰处于父权统治之下。任何理智之人都能察觉教授的支配地位。权力、金钱和影响力都属于他。他是报纸的所有者、编辑和副编辑。他是外交大臣和法官。他是板球手;他拥有赛马和游艇。他是那家向股东支付百分之两百股息的公司董事。他将数百万捐给自己统治的慈善机构和学院。他将电影女演员悬在半空。他将裁定肉斧上的头发是否属于人类;他将宣判凶手无罪或有罪,并绞死他,或释放他。除却雾霭,他似乎掌控一切。然而他愤怒。我由此迹象知道他是愤怒的。当我读到他关于女性的文字时,我想的不是他在说什么,而是他本人。当辩者冷静辩论时,他只思考论点;读者也不禁思考论点。如果他冷静地书写女性,用无可辩驳的证据确立论点,且未流露希望结果偏袒一方的痕迹,人也不会愤怒。人会接受事实,如同接受豌豆是绿色或金丝雀是黄色的事实。本该如此,我本会说。可我之所以愤怒,正是因了他的愤怒。然而,翻着晚报,我想,一个拥有如此权力的人竟会愤怒,这似乎荒谬。或者,我疑惑,愤怒是否是权力的熟稔仆从,随身精灵?例如,富人常愤怒,因为他们怀疑穷人想夺取财富。教授们,或更准确称之为族长们,可能部分因此愤怒,但部分原因则不那么明显地表露。或许他们根本不“愤怒”;实际上,他们在私人生活中常常是钦佩、忠诚、堪称楷模的。或许当教授过于强调女性的低劣时,他关心的不是她们的低劣,而是自己的优越。那是他颇为鲁莽且过分强调地保护的东西,因为对他而言,那是无价之宝。对两性而言--我看着他们,在人行道上挤过--生活都是艰辛、困难、永无止境的挣扎。它需要巨大的勇气和力量。或许,作为幻想的造物,我们最需要的是自信。没有自信,我们就像摇篮中的婴儿。如何最迅速地产生这种无形却无比宝贵的品质?通过认为他人不如自己。通过感觉自己拥有某种天生优越--可能是财富、地位、挺直的鼻梁,或罗姆尼绘制的祖父肖像--因为人类想象的可怜手段无穷无尽。因此,对必须征服、必须统治的族长而言,感觉到众多人,实际上是半个人类,天生不如自己,具有极其重要的意义。这确实是他权力的主要来源之一。但让我将这观察之光投向现实生活,我想。它是否有助于解释日常生活中边注的一些心理谜题?是否解释了我前几天的惊讶,当Z,最仁慈、最谦逊的人,拿起丽贝卡·韦斯特的某本书,读了一段,惊呼道:“十足的女权主义者!她说男人是势利眼!”这惊呼对我如此意外--因为韦斯特小姐对另一性别做出可能真实但非恭维的陈述,为何就成了十足的女权主义者?--不仅仅是受伤虚荣的哭喊;这是对他相信自己权力受到侵犯的抗议。女性几个世纪以来一直充当镜子,拥有神奇而美妙的力量,能将男人的形象反射成自然尺寸的两倍大。若无此力量,地球或许仍是沼泽和丛林。我们所有战争的荣耀将不为人知。我们仍会在羊骨残骸上刻画鹿的轮廓,用燧石交换羊皮或任何符合我们纯朴品味的简单饰物。超人和命运手指将永不存在。沙皇和凯撒将从未戴过皇冠或失去它们。无论镜子在文明社会中有何用途,它们对所有暴力与英雄行为都至关重要。这就是为何拿破仑和墨索里尼都如此强调女性的低劣,因为如果她们不低劣,她们就会停止放大。这在一定程度上解释了女性对男性的必要性。也解释了她们在批评下如何不安;她若说这本书糟糕,这幅画无力,或诸如此类,比起男性提出同样批评,会引起更多痛苦和愤怒。因为她若开始讲述真相,镜中形象便缩小;他在生活中挺立的身姿便萎缩了。若不能至少在早餐和晚餐时看到自己放大一倍的真实大小,他如何继续做出判断,教化土著,制定法律,撰写书籍,在宴会上盛装演讲?我如此反思,揉碎面包,搅拌咖啡,时而望向街上行人。镜中景象至关重要,因为它激发活力;刺激神经系统。夺走它,男人可能会死,就像瘾君子被剥夺可卡因。在那幻象的魔咒下,望着窗外,我想,人行道上半数人正阔步去工作。早晨在它宜人的光芒下戴上帽子和外套。他们开始一天时自信、振奋,相信自己在史密斯小姐的茶会上受欢迎;走进房间时对自己说,我比这里一半人优越,正是如此,他们以那种自信、那种确信说话,这在公共生活中产生了深远影响,并在私人意识的边注上留下奇特痕迹。

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colonnade /ˌkɒləˈneɪd/
n. 柱廊,列柱
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pigeons /ˈpɪdʒɪnz/
n. 鸽子
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prehistoric /ˌpriːhɪˈstɒrɪk/
adj. 史前的
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patriarchy /ˈpeɪtriɑːki/
n. 父权制,男性统治的社会
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dominance /ˈdɒmɪnəns/
n. 支配地位,优势
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proprietor /prəˈpraɪətə(r)/
n. 所有者,业主
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sub-editor /sʌbˈedɪtə(r)/
n. 副编辑,文字编辑
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cricketer /ˈkrɪkɪtə(r)/
n. 板球运动员
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dispassionately /dɪsˈpæʃənətli/
adv. 冷静地,不动感情地,公正地
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indisputable /ˌɪndɪˈspjuːtəbl/
adj. 无可争辩的,不容置疑的
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sprite /spraɪt/
n. 小精灵,小妖精
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emphatically /ɪmˈfætɪkli/
adv. 强调地,断然地
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pathetic /pəˈθetɪk/
adj. 可怜的,可悲的;差劲的,无力的
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arrant /ˈærənt/
adj. 完全的,十足的(用于贬义)
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snobs /snɒbz/
n. 势利小人
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infringement /ɪnˈfrɪndʒmənt/
n. 侵犯,违反
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bartering /ˈbɑːtərɪŋ/
v. (动名词). 以物易物,进行易货贸易
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flints /flɪnts/
n. 燧石,打火石
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unsophisticated /ˌʌnsəˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/
adj. 单纯的,质朴的;简单的,不复杂的
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speechifying /ˈspiːtʃɪfaɪɪŋ/
v. (动名词). 发表长篇大论,高谈阔论(常含贬义)
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vitality /vaɪˈtæləti/
n. 活力,生命力
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fiend /fiːnd/
n. 恶魔;…迷,…狂(用于复合词)
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cocaine /kəʊˈkeɪn/
n. 可卡因

但这些对另一性别心理学这一危险而迷人主题的贡献--我希望当您年有五百英镑收入时会去探究--被付账的必要所打断。账单共计五先令九便士。我给了侍者一张十先令纸币,他去给我找零。我的钱包里还有另一张十先令纸币;我注意到它,因为这事实仍令我惊叹--我的钱包能自动滋生十先令纸币的力量。我打开它,它们就在那里。社会给予我鸡肉和咖啡,床铺和住宿,以换取一定数量的纸片,这些纸片是一位姑姑留给我的,只因为我与她同名。

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ninepence /ˈnaɪnpəns/
n. 九便士(英国旧币制)
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purse /pɜːs/
n. 钱包(尤指女式);资金,财力
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automatically /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪkli/
adv. 自动地,无意识地
🔊 My aunt, Mary Beton, I must tell you, died by a fall from her horse when she was riding out to take the air in Bombay. The news of my legacy reached me one night about the same time that the act was passed that gave votes to women. A solicitor's letter fell into the post-box and when I opened it I found that she had left me five hundred pounds a year for ever. Of the two-the vote and the money-the money, I own, seemed infinitely the more important. Before that I had made my living by cadging odd jobs from newspapers, by reporting a donkey show here or a wedding there; I had earned a few pounds by addressing envelopes, reading to old ladies, making artificial flowers, teaching the alphabet to small children in a kindergarten. Such were the chief occupations that were open to women before 1918. I need not, I am afraid, describe in any detail the hardness of the work, for you know perhaps women who have done it; nor the difficulty of living on the money when it was earned, for you may have tried. But what still remains with me as a worse infliction than either was the poison of fear and bitterness which those days bred in me. To begin with, always to be doing work that one did not wish to do, and to do it like a slave, flattering and fawning, not always necessarily perhaps, but it seemed necessary and the stakes were too great to run risks; and then the thought of that one gift which it was death to hide-a small one but dear to the possessor-perishing and with it my self, my soul,-all this became like a rust eating away the bloom of the spring, destroying the tree at its heart. However, as I say, my aunt died; and whenever I change a ten-shilling note a little of that rust and corrosion is rubbed off; fear and bitterness go. Indeed, I thought, slipping the silver into my purse, it is remarkable, remembering the bitterness of those days, what a change of temper a fixed income will bring about. No force in the world can take from me my five hundred pounds. Food, house and clothing are mine for ever. Therefore not merely do effort and labour cease, but also hatred and bitterness. I need not hate any man; he cannot hurt me. I need not flatter any man; he has nothing to give me. So imperceptibly I found myself adopting a new attitude towards the other half of the human race. It was absurd to blame any class or any sex, as a whole. Great bodies of people are never responsible for what they do. They are driven by instincts which are not within their control. They too, the patriarchs, the professors, had endless difficulties, terrible drawbacks to contend with. Their education had been in some ways as faulty as my own. It had bred in them defects as great. True, they had money and power, but only at the cost of harbouring in their breasts an eagle, a vulture, for ever tearing the liver out and plucking at the lungs-the instinct for possession, the rage for acquisition which drives them to desire other people's fields and goods perpetually; to make frontiers and flags; battleships and poison gas; to offer up their own lives and their children's lives. Walk through the Admiralty Arch (I had reached that monument), or any other avenue given up to trophies and cannon, and reflect upon the kind of glory celebrated there. Or watch in the spring sunshine the stockbroker and the great barrister going indoors to make money and more money and more money when it is a fact that five hundred pounds a year will keep one alive in the sunshine. These are unpleasant instincts to harbour, I reflected. They are bred of the conditions of life; of the lack of civilisation, I thought, looking at the statue of the Duke of Cambridge, and in particular at the feathers in his cocked hat, with a fixity that they have scarcely ever received before. And, as I realised these drawbacks, by degrees fear and bitterness modified themselves into pity and toleration; and then in a year or two, pity and toleration went, and the greatest release of all came, which is freedom to think of things in themselves. That building, for example, do I like it or not? Is that picture beautiful or not? Is that in my opinion a good book or a bad? Indeed my aunt's legacy unveiled the sky to me, and substituted for the large and imposing figure of a gentleman, which Milton recommended for my perpetual adoration, a view of the open sky.

我必须告诉您,我的姑姑玛丽·贝顿,在孟买骑马外出透气时坠马身亡。我继承遗产的消息传来时,正值赋予女性选举权的法案通过之夜。一封律师信落入信箱,我打开它,发现她留给我每年五百英镑,永久有效。在这两者--选举权和金钱--之间,我承认,金钱似乎重要得多。在此之前,我靠向报纸讨零活谋生,报道驴展或婚礼;通过写信封、为老妇朗读、制作人造花、在幼儿园教小孩字母赚取几英镑。这些是1918年之前女性可获得的主要职业。我恐怕无需详述工作的艰辛,因为您或许认识做过这些的女性;也无需描述赚取后生活的困难,因为您可能尝试过。但对我而言,比这两者更甚的折磨是那些日子在我心中滋生的恐惧与苦涩的毒害。首先,总是做自己不愿做的工作,且像奴隶般去做,阿谀奉承,或许并非总是必要,但似乎必要,且赌注太大,不敢冒险;然后想到那份天赋--隐藏即是死亡--虽小但对拥有者珍贵,正随之消逝,连同我的自我、我的灵魂--这一切如锈蚀般啃噬春华,摧毁树心。然而,如我所说,我的姑姑去世了;每当我兑换一张十先令纸币,那锈蚀与腐蚀便磨去些许;恐惧与苦涩离去。确实,我想着,将银币滑入钱包,记住那些日子的苦涩,固定收入带来的性情变化着实显著。世上无力量能夺走我的五百英镑。食物、房屋和衣物永远属于我。因此,不仅努力与劳作停止,仇恨与苦涩也止息。我无需恨任何人;他无法伤害我。我无需奉承任何人;他无物可予我。于是不知不觉中,我发现自己对人类另一半采取了新态度。责备任何阶级或任何性别整体是荒谬的。大众从不为其行为负责。他们受本能驱使,这些本能不受他们控制。他们,那些族长、教授们,也有无尽的困难、可怕的缺陷要应对。他们的教育在某些方面与我的一样有缺陷。这在他们身上滋生了同样巨大的缺点。确实,他们有钱有权,但代价是在胸中怀有一只鹰,一只秃鹫,永远撕扯肝脏,啄食肺腑--占有的本能,获取的狂热,驱使他们永无止境地渴望他人的田地和财物;划定边界,树立旗帜;建造战舰和毒气;献出自己及子女的生命。走过海军拱门(我已抵达那纪念碑),或任何其他布满战利品和大炮的大道,反思那里所颂扬的荣耀。或在春日阳光下,看着股票经纪人和大律师进屋赚钱,赚更多钱,更多钱,而事实是,每年五百英镑就足以让人活在阳光下。这些是怀有的不愉快本能,我反思道。它们滋生于生活条件;源于文明的缺乏,我想着,望着剑桥公爵的雕像,尤其那三角帽上的羽毛,目光之专注前所未有。当我意识到这些缺陷时,恐惧与苦涩逐渐化为怜悯与宽容;然后一两年后,怜悯与宽容消失,最大的解脱到来,即自由地思考事物本身。例如,那栋建筑,我喜欢它吗?那幅画美吗?依我之见,那是本好书还是坏书?确实,我姑姑的遗产为我揭开了天空,取代了弥尔顿推荐我永远崇拜的那位绅士的宏伟形象,代之以一片开阔的天空。

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legacy /ˈleɡəsi/
n. 遗产;遗留问题,影响
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solicitor's /səˈlɪsɪtəz/
n. 律师的(solicitor的所有格)
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cadging /ˈkædʒɪŋ/
v. (动名词). 乞讨,索取(常含贬义)
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infliction /ɪnˈflɪkʃn/
n. 施加,强加;痛苦的事
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corrosion /kəˈrəʊʒn/
n. 腐蚀,侵蚀
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imperceptibly /ˌɪmpəˈseptəbli/
adv. 察觉不到地,微细地
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vulture /ˈvʌltʃə(r)/
n. 秃鹫;乘人之危者,掠夺者
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acquisition /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/
n. 获得,取得;收购
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perpetually /pəˈpetʃuəli/
adv. 永久地,持续不断地
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cannon /ˈkænən/
n. 大炮
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cocked hat /ˌkɒkt ˈhæt/
n. 三角帽(帽边卷起成三角状)

如此思忖,如此遐想,我寻路回到河边的家。灯火渐亮,伦敦自晨间以来已发生难以言喻的变化。仿佛那台巨大的机器在终日劳作后,借我们之手制作了几码令人兴奋而美丽的东西--一幅闪着红眼的炽热织物,一头呼出热气的黄褐色巨兽咆哮着。甚至风也如旗帜般翻卷,抽打着房屋,摇动着围板。

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speculating /ˈspekjuleɪtɪŋ/
v. (现在分词). 推测,思索;投机
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indescribable /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbl/
adj. 难以形容的,无法描述的
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tawny /ˈtɔːni/
adj. 黄褐色的,茶色的
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hoardings /ˈhɔːdɪŋz/
n. 大型广告牌,围板
🔊 In my little street, however, domesticity prevailed. The house painter was descending his ladder; the nursemaid was wheeling the perambulator carefully in and out back to nursery tea; the coal-heaver was folding his empty sacks on top of each other; the woman who keeps the greengrocer's shop was adding up the day's takings with her hands in red mittens. But so engrossed was I with the problem you have laid upon my shoulders that I could not see even these usual sights without referring them to one centre. I thought how much harder it is now than it must have been even a century ago to say which of these employments is the higher, the more necessary. Is it better to be a coal-heaver or a nursemaid; is the charwoman who has brought up eight children of less value to the world than the barrister who has made a hundred thousand pounds? It is useless to ask such questions; for nobody can answer them. Not only do the comparative values of charwomen and lawyers rise and fall from decade to decade, but we have no rods with which to measure them even as they are at the moment. I had been foolish to ask my professor to furnish me with "indisputable proofs" of this or that in his argument about women. Even if one could state the value of any one gift at the moment, those values will change; in a century's time very possibly they will have changed completely. Moreover, in a hundred years, I thought, reaching my own doorstep, women will have ceased to be the protected sex. Logically they will take part in all the activities and exertions that were once denied them. The nursemaid will heave coal. The shopwoman will drive an engine. All assumptions founded on the facts observed when women were the protected sex will have disappeared-as, for example (here a squad of soldiers marched down the street), that women and clergymen and gardeners live longer than other people. Remove that protection, expose them to the same exertions and activities, make them soldiers and sailors and engine-drivers and dock labourers, and will not women die off so much younger, so much quicker, than men that one will say, "I saw a woman to-day", as one used to say, "I saw an aeroplane". Anything may happen when womanhood has ceased to be a protected occupation, I thought, opening the door. But what bearing has all this upon the subject of my paper, Women and Fiction? I asked, going indoors.

然而,在我的小街上,家居生活占据主导。油漆工正从梯子下来;保姆小心地推着婴儿车进出,回到育儿室用茶点;运煤工将空麻袋叠放整齐;果蔬店老板娘戴着红手套清算一天的进账。但我全神贯注于您加诸我肩上的问题,以至于看到这些寻常景象,也不禁将其归于一中心。我思忖,如今要说这些职业中哪个更高尚、更必要,比一世纪前必定困难得多。做运煤工还是保姆更好?养育了八个孩子的清洁女工对世界的价值,是否低于赚了十万英镑的律师?问这些问题无用;因为无人能答。不仅清洁女工和律师的相对价值随年代起伏,我们甚至没有尺度来衡量当下的价值。我曾愚蠢地要求我的教授在其关于女性的论点中提供“无可辩驳的证据”。即使能陈述任一天赋当下的价值,那些价值也会改变;百年之后,很可能已彻底改变。此外,我想着,走到自家门前,百年之后,女性将不再是受保护的性别。逻辑上,她们将参与一切曾被禁止的活动与辛劳。保姆将去运煤。女店员将开火车。所有基于女性受保护性别时观察到的事实所建立的假设都将消失--例如(此时一队士兵行经街道),女性、牧师和园丁比其他人长寿。移除那保护,让她们暴露于同样的辛劳与活动,使她们成为士兵、水手、火车司机和码头工人,女性是否会比男性死得更早、更快,以至于人们会说“我今天看到一个女人”,就像过去说“我看到一架飞机”一样?当女性身份不再是一种受保护的职业时,任何事情都可能发生,我想着,打开门。但这一切与我的论文主题“女性与小说”有何关联?我问着,走进屋内。

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domesticity /ˌdəʊmesˈtɪsəti/
n. 家庭生活,家居
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perambulator /pəˈræmbjuleɪtə(r)/
n. 婴儿车(旧式用语)
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greengrocer's /ˈɡriːnˌɡrəʊsəz/
n. 蔬菜水果店(greengrocer的所有格)
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mittens /ˈmɪtnz/
n. 连指手套
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engrossed /ɪnˈɡrəʊst/
adj. 全神贯注的,专心致志的
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charwoman /ˈtʃɑːwʊmən/
n. 打杂女工,清洁女工(旧式用语)
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