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Chapter sixty-two: The Dart. (第六十二章:投叉。)

探索《白鲸记》第62章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细的雅思词汇解析以及英文原文音频。边听边提升阅读技巧。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

关于上一章中那桩事件,且容我说上几句。

🔊 According to the invariable usage of the fishery, the whale-boat pushes off from the ship, with the headsman or whale-killer as temporary steersman, and the harpooneer or whale-fastener pulling the foremost oar, the one known as the harpooneer-oar. Now it needs a strong, nervous arm to strike the first iron into the fish; for often, in what is called a long dart, the heavy implement has to be flung to the distance of twenty or thirty feet. But however prolonged and exhausting the chase, the harpooneer is expected to pull his oar meanwhile to the uttermost; indeed, he is expected to set an example of superhuman activity to the rest, not only by incredible rowing, but by repeated loud and intrepid exclamations; and what it is to keep shouting at the top of one's compass, while all the other muscles are strained and half started-what that is none know but those who have tried it. For one, I cannot bawl very heartily and work very recklessly at one and the same time. In this straining, bawling state, then, with his back to the fish, all at once the exhausted harpooneer hears the exciting cry-"Stand up, and give it to him!" He now has to drop and secure his oar, turn round on his centre half way, seize his harpoon from the crotch, and with what little strength may remain, he essays to pitch it somehow into the whale. No wonder, taking the whole fleet of whalemen in a body, that out of fifty fair chances for a dart, not five are successful; no wonder that so many hapless harpooneers are madly cursed and disrated; no wonder that some of them actually burst their blood-vessels in the boat; no wonder that some sperm whalemen are absent four years with four barrels; no wonder that to many ship owners, whaling is but a losing concern; for it is the harpooneer that makes the voyage, and if you take the breath out of his body how can you expect to find it there when most wanted!

依照捕鲸业一成不变的惯例,捕鲸艇驶离大船时,由艇首领或称杀鲸手暂掌舵柄,而投叉手或称系鲸手则划动最前头的桨,也就是所谓的投叉手桨。要将第一根铁叉刺入鲸鱼体内,需要一条既强壮又反应迅捷的手臂;因为,在所谓的“长投”中,那沉重的器具常常得掷出二三十英尺远。然而,无论追逐多么漫长、多么耗人精力,投叉手在此期间仍需竭尽全力划桨;事实上,他理应以超人的活力为其余人树立榜样,不仅靠难以置信的划桨,还要不断发出响亮而无畏的呼喊;在全身肌肉紧绷、几乎不听使唤的同时,还要声嘶力竭地呐喊--若非亲身尝试过,无人能体会其中滋味。就拿我来说吧,我无法一边卖力呐喊,一边不顾一切地干活。就在这种紧绷、呐喊的状态下,背对着鲸鱼,精疲力竭的投叉手突然听到那激动人心的喊声--“站起来,给它一下!”此时,他必须放下并固定好桨,半转身体,从叉架上抓起鱼叉,用仅存的一点力气,设法将它掷向鲸鱼。无怪乎,纵观整个捕鲸船队,五十次投叉的好机会中,成功的不及五次;无怪乎那么多倒霉的投叉手被疯狂咒骂、降职;无怪乎有些人竟在艇中血管爆裂;无怪乎一些抹香鲸捕手出海四年只带回四桶油;无怪乎对许多船主而言,捕鲸不过是桩赔本买卖;因为正是投叉手成就了整个航程;你若先耗尽了他体内的元气,在最紧要的关头,又怎能指望他还有气力可用呢!

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invariable /ɪnˈveəriəbl/
adj. 不变的;恒定的
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fishery /ˈfɪʃəri/
n. 渔业;渔场
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whale-boat /ˈweɪl bəʊt/
n. 捕鲸船
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headsman /ˈhedzmən/
n. 刽子手;这里指捕鲸船的头手
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harpooneer /hɑːˈpuːnɪə/
n. 投叉手;使用鱼叉的人
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foremost /ˈfɔːməʊst/
adj. 最重要的;最前面的
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dart /dɑːt/
n. 投掷;飞镖
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implement /ˈɪmplɪment/
n. 工具;器具
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prolonged /prəˈlɒŋd/
adj. 延长的;持久的
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exhausting /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪŋ/
adj. 使人筋疲力尽的
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chase /tʃeɪs/
n. 追逐;追捕
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uttermost /ˈʌtəməʊst/
adj. 极度的;最大的
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superhuman /ˌsuːpəˈhjuːmən/
adj. 超人的;非凡的
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incredible /ɪnˈkredəbl/
adj. 难以置信的;惊人的
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intrepid /ɪnˈtrepɪd/
adj. 无畏的;勇敢的
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exclamations /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃənz/
n. 惊呼;感叹
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compass /ˈkʌmpəs/
n. 范围;音域;罗盘
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strained /streɪnd/
adj. 紧张的;拉伤的
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bawl /bɔːl/
v. 大喊;大叫
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heartily /ˈhɑːtɪli/
adv. 尽情地;热忱地
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recklessly /ˈrekləsli/
adv. 鲁莽地;不顾后果地
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exhausted /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/
adj. 筋疲力尽的
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essays /ˈeseɪz/
v. 尝试;企图
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pitch /pɪtʃ/
v. 投掷;扔
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fleet /fliːt/
n. 舰队;船队
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hapless /ˈhæpləs/
adj. 不幸的;倒霉的
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disrated /dɪsˈreɪtɪd/
v. 降级;降低级别
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blood-vessels /ˈblʌd ˌvesəlz/
n. 血管
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concern /kənˈsɜːn/
n. 企业;关切;担心

再者,倘若投叉成功,那么在第二个关键时刻,即鲸鱼开始逃窜时,艇首领和投叉手也会前后跑动,这使自己和旁人都岌岌可危。此时他们互换位置;而艇首领,这小艇的最高长官,便回到船首的正确岗位。

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critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/
adj. 关键的;危急的
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boatheader /ˈbəʊtˌhedə/
n. 船头手;负责船头的人
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likewise /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/
adv. 同样地;也
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fore /fɔː/
adv. 向前;在前面
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aft /ɑːft/
adv. 向船尾;在后面
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imminent /ˈɪmɪnənt/
adj. 即将发生的;迫近的
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jeopardy /ˈdʒepədi/
n. 危险;风险
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craft /krɑːft/
n. 船;飞行器;手艺
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bows /baʊz/
n. 船首;弓

现在,我可不管有谁反对,但这一切既愚蠢又无必要。艇首领应该自始至终守在船首;他理应既投鱼叉又投长矛,而不该指望他划桨,除非是任何渔夫都明白的例外情况。我知道这有时会导致追逐中速度略有损失;但我在各类渔场长期的亲身经历使我深信,在绝大多数捕鲸失败案例中,原因绝非鲸鱼的速度,而是如前所述的投叉手的精疲力竭。

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maintains /meɪnˈteɪnz/
v. 坚持;维持
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contrary /ˈkɒntrəri/
n. 相反;对立面
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foolish /ˈfuːlɪʃ/
adj. 愚蠢的;不明智的
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unnecessary /ʌnˈnesəsəri/
adj. 不必要的;多余的
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lance /lɑːns/
n. 长矛;矛
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circumstances /ˈsɜːkəmstənsɪz/
n. 情况;环境
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obvious /ˈɒbviəs/
adj. 明显的;显而易见的
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involve /ɪnˈvɒlv/
v. 涉及;包含
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experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/
n. 经验;经历
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various /ˈveəriəs/
adj. 各种各样的;不同的
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convinced /kənˈvɪnst/
adj. 确信的;信服的
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vast /vɑːst/
adj. 巨大的;广阔的
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majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/
n. 多数;大部分
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failures /ˈfeɪljəz/
n. 失败;故障
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exhaustion /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/
n. 筋疲力尽;耗尽
🔊 To insure the greatest efficiency in the dart, the harpooneers of this world must start to their feet from out of idleness, and not from out of toil.

为确保投叉发挥最大效力,世上的投叉手们必须从闲适状态起身发力,而非从劳顿中勉强而为。

🔊
insure /ɪnˈʃʊə/
v. 确保;保险
🔊
efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃənsi/
n. 效率;效能
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idleness /ˈaɪdlnəs/
n. 懒惰;闲散
🔊
toil /tɔɪl/
n. 苦工;劳累的工作
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