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Chapter one: START IN LIFE (第一章:人生伊始)

探索《鲁滨逊漂流记》第1章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细的雅思词汇及解释,以及英文原文音频。边听边提升阅读技巧。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

我于1632年出生在约克城,家境优渥,虽非本地人氏;家父是不来梅的外来移民,最初定居在赫尔。他经商致富,随后弃商迁居约克,并在那里娶了我母亲;母亲娘家姓罗宾逊,是当地的名门望族,因此我得名鲁滨逊·克罗伊茨内尔;但由于英格兰常有的讹音习俗,我们如今被称作--不,我们自称并书写为克鲁索,我的伙伴们也总是这样叫我。

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foreigner /ˈfɒr.ən.ər/
n. 外国人
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merchandise /ˈmɜː.tʃən.daɪs/
n. 商品,货物
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corruption /kəˈrʌp.ʃən/
n. 腐败;堕落;(语言的)讹用,误用

我有两位兄长,其中一位在佛兰德斯的英格兰步兵团担任中校,该团原由著名的洛克哈特上校指挥,他在敦刻尔克附近与西班牙人的交战中阵亡;至于我二哥的下落,我一无所知,正如父母不知我的去向一般。

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lieutenant-colonel /lefˈten.ənt ˈkɜː.nəl/
n. 中校
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regiment /ˈredʒ.ɪ.mənt/
n. (军队的)团
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Spaniards /ˈspæn.jədz/
n. 西班牙人(复数)

身为家中幼子,又未学得一技之长,我自幼便满脑子漂泊的念头。父亲虽然明智而严肃,却给了我良好的教育,仅限于家塾与乡村公学的程度,并有意让我学习法律;但我一心只想出海,这股强烈的渴望使我公然违逆父亲的意愿--不,是他的严命--也罔顾母亲与亲友的一切恳求劝诫,仿佛天性中注定要走向悲惨人生的倾向,正将我引向那等待我的厄运。

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rambling /ˈræm.blɪŋ/
adj. 漫无目的的,散漫的
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competent /ˈkɒm.pɪ.tənt/
adj. 有能力的,能胜任的
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inclination /ˌɪn.klɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
n. 倾向,意愿,爱好
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entreaties /ɪnˈtriː.tiz/
n. 恳求,乞求(复数)
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propension /prəˈpen.ʃən/
n. 倾向,癖好

父亲是位睿智持重之人,针对他预见到的我的打算,给了我严肃而精辟的忠告。一天早晨,他将我叫进他因痛风而卧病的房间,就此事恳切地规劝我。他问我,除了游荡的冲动之外,还有什么理由要离开父宅与故土--在那里我本可得到妥善安置,凭借勤勉努力大有前途,过上安逸享乐的生活。他告诉我,出海冒险的,要么是走投无路之辈,要么是野心勃勃、志在扬名立万之人,他们投身非凡事业,以求功成名就;而这一切对我而言,不是太高便是太低;我所处的乃是中间阶层,或可称为平民中的上层,据他长期经验,这是世间最佳境地,最契合人类幸福,既不必遭受劳苦大众的艰辛困顿,也无须为上流社会的骄奢、野心与嫉妒所累。

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grave /ɡreɪv/
adj. 严肃的,庄重的;严重的
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counsel /ˈkaʊn.səl/
n. 劝告,忠告;法律顾问
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expostulated /ɪkˈspɒs.tjʊ.leɪtɪd/
v. (past tense)劝诫,告诫,争辩
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fortunes /ˈfɔː.tʃuːnz/
n. 财富,大笔的钱(复数);命运,运气
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aspiring /əˈspaɪə.rɪŋ/
adj. 有抱负的,渴望成功的
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enterprise /ˈen.tə.praɪz/
n. 事业,企业;进取心,事业心
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hardships /ˈhɑːd.ʃɪps/
n. 艰难,困苦(复数)
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mechanic /məˈkæn.ɪk/
adj. 手工的,体力的(此处作名词用,指‘劳工阶层’的一部分,但从结构看是形容词修饰part)
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luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃər.i/
n. 奢侈,奢华;奢侈品
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envy /ˈen.vi/
n. 嫉妒,羡慕

他说,我只需看一点便可判明此境的幸福:这正是人人艳羡的生活状态;君王们常哀叹生于帝王家的悲惨后果,但愿自己能置身两极之间,既不卑贱也不显赫;智者亦以此为真正幸福的公允标准,祈祷既不贫穷也不富裕。

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lamented /ləˈmen.tɪd/
v. (past tense)悲叹,哀悼
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felicity /fəˈlɪs.ə.ti/
n. 幸福,快乐;恰当,贴切
🔊 He bid me observe it, and I should always find that the calamities of life were shared among the upper and lower part of mankind; but that the middle station had the fewest disasters and was not exposed to so many vicissitudes as the higher or lower part of mankind. Nay, they were not subjected to so many distempers and uneasiness either of body or mind as those were who, by vicious living, luxury, and extravagancies on one hand, or by hard labor, want of necessaries, and mean or insufficient diet on the other hand, bring distempers upon themselves by the natural consequences of their way of living; that the middle station of life was calculated for all kind of virtues and all kind of enjoyments; that peace and plenty were the handmaids of a middle fortune; that temperance, moderation, quietness, health, society, all agreeable diversions, and all desirable pleasures, were the blessings attending the middle station of life; that this way men went silently and smoothly through the world, and comfortably out of it, not embarrassed with the labors of the hands or of the head, not sold to the life of slavery for daily bread, or harassed with perplexed circumstances, which rob the soul of peace, and the body of rest; not enraged with the passion of envy, or secret burning lust of ambition for great things; but in easy circumstances sliding gently through the world, and sensibly tasting the sweets of living, without the bitter, feeling that they are happy, and learning by every day's experience to know it more sensibly.

他嘱我留心观察,便会发现人生的灾祸多由上下两极承受;而中间阶层灾难最少,也不似上下层那般饱经沧桑。不仅如此,他们还不像那些人--或因放纵、奢侈与挥霍,或因苦役、匮乏与粗劣饮食--因生活方式自然而招致身心疾患;中等生活则兼具诸般美德与所有乐趣;安宁丰足是中等家境的侍女;节制、中庸、静谧、健康、社交、种种怡人消遣与一切心仪之乐,皆是中等生活的恩泽;如此,人便能平和安稳地度过此生,舒适离世,既无须为双手或头脑的劳碌所困,也不必为糊口沦为奴隶,或因处境窘迫而心神不宁、躯体不得安歇;更不会被嫉妒之焰灼烧,或为宏伟抱负的暗火所煎熬;而是在宽松境遇中悠然滑过人世,真切品味生活之甘美,而无苦涩,自觉幸福,且借每日阅历愈发深切地体认此点。

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calamities /kəˈlæm.ə.tiz/
n. 灾难,灾祸(复数)
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vicissitudes /vɪˈsɪs.ɪ.tjuːdz/
n. 变迁,兴衰,荣枯(复数)
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distempers /dɪˈstem.pəz/
n. 疾病(尤指动物传染病);骚乱,失调(复数)
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extravagancies /ɪkˈstræv.ə.ɡən.siz/
n. 奢侈,浪费;放肆的言行(复数)
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virtues /ˈvɜː.tʃuːz/
n. 美德,优点(复数)
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handmaids /ˈhænd.meɪdz/
n. 女仆;起服务(或辅助)作用的事物(复数)
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temperance /ˈtem.pər.əns/
n. 节制,克己;戒酒
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diversions /daɪˈvɜː.ʃənz/
n. 消遣,娱乐;转移(复数)
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harassed /ˈhær.əst/
v. (past participle)使烦恼,不断打扰
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perplexed /pəˈplekst/
adj. 困惑的,不知所措的
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enraged /ɪnˈreɪdʒd/
v. (past participle)激怒,使暴怒
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lust /lʌst/
n. 强烈的欲望,渴望;肉欲
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sensibly /ˈsen.sə.bli/
adv. 明智地;可感知地,明显地

此后,他以最恳切慈爱的方式力劝我,莫要年少气盛,勿让自己坠入那似乎天性与出身皆已为我规避的苦难;我并无谋生之必需;他会好生照料我,尽力将我稳妥引入他方才推荐的那种生活;若我在世间不能安逸幸福,那必是命运或我自身的过错使然,他既已尽责警示我莫行他明知有害之事,便无须承担任何责任;总之,若我愿依他指引留家安居,他自会厚待于我,反之,他绝不愿插手我的不幸,以免助长我离家的念头。最后,他以我长兄为鉴,说他曾同样恳切劝阻其参与低地国家的战事,却未能奏效,青年的热望驱使他投身行伍,终致阵亡;并道他虽会不断为我祈祷,却敢断言,若我执意行此愚举,上帝必不赐福,日后我总有闲暇追悔未听其劝,而那时或已无人能施援手。

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precipitate /prɪˈsɪp.ɪ.teɪt/
v. 使突然陷入;促使(不好的事)突然发生;加速
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endeavor /ɪnˈdev.ər/
v. 努力,尽力
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discharged /dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒd/
v. (past tense)履行(职责);释放;解雇

在他这番实为预言的言论末段--尽管我想父亲自己未必知晓--我见他泪流满面,尤其提及阵亡的兄长时;而当他说到我将有暇悔悟却无人相助时,他激动得语塞,只道心中悲恸,无法再言。

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prophetic /prəˈfet.ɪk/
adj. 预言的,先知的
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plentifully /ˈplen.tɪ.fəl.i/
adv. 大量地,丰富地

这番话令我深为触动,谁又能无动于衷呢?我决意不再思虑出海之事,愿依父愿居家安居。可叹啊!不出几日,此念便烟消云散;简言之,为免父亲进一步纠缠,几周后我决计彻底离他而去。不过,我也未因一时冲动而贸然行事,而是趁母亲心情稍佳时找她商议,坦言我心思全在闯荡世上,决计无法安定从事任何行当,父亲不如应允,强过逼我私自出走;我现已十八岁,学艺或习文皆已太迟;若勉强为之,必难熬满师期,定会在期满前逃离师傅投奔大海;若她愿向父亲说情,容我仅出海一趟,待我归家若不喜此道,便永不再提,且愿以加倍勤勉弥补荒废的光阴。

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importunities /ˌɪm.pɔːˈtjuː.nə.tiz/
n. 强求,纠缠不休(复数)
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apprentice /əˈpren.tɪs/
n. 学徒

这令母亲大为光火。她说,她知道向父亲提此事纯属徒劳;父亲太清楚我的利益所在,绝不会同意这般害我之举,且她诧异我竟在与父亲那番谈话后,在父亲如此慈蔼待我之后,还存此念;总之,若我自寻毁灭,她也无能为力;但我休想得到他们首肯;就她而言,她绝不参与毁我之事,我也永不能说是母亲愿意而父亲不许。

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passion /ˈpæʃ.ən/
n. 强烈的情感,激情;盛怒

尽管母亲拒绝向父亲进言,但我后来得知,她还是将全部谈话转告了他,父亲闻后忧心忡忡,叹息道:“那孩子若肯留家,本可幸福,但若出海,将成为天底下最可怜的倒霉蛋:我断不能同意。”

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wretch /retʃ/
n. 不幸的人,可怜的人;卑鄙的人
🔊 It was not till almost a year after this that I broke loose, though in the meantime I continued obstinately deaf to all proposals of settling to business, and frequently expostulating with my father and mother about their being so positively determined against what they knew my inclinations prompted me to. But being one day at Hull, where I went casually, and without any purpose of making an elopement that time; but I say, being there, and one of my companions being going by sea to London, in his father's ship, and prompting me to go with them, with the common allurement of sea-faring men, viz., that it should cost me nothing for my passage, I consulted neither father nor mother any more, nor so much as sent them word of it; but leaving them to hear of it as they might, without asking God's blessing, or my father's, without any consideration of circumstances or consequences, and in an ill hour, God knows, on the first of September, 1651, I went on board a ship bound for London. Never any young adventurer's misfortunes, I believe began sooner, or continued longer than mine. The ship was no sooner gotten out of the Humber, but the wind began to blow, and the waves to rise in a most frightful manner; and as I had never been at sea before, I was most inexpressibly sick in body, and terrified in my mind. I began now seriously to reflect upon what I had done, and how justly I was overtaken by the judgment of Heaven for my wicked leaving my father's house, and abandoning my duty; all the good counsel of my parents, my father's tears and my mother's entreaties, came now fresh into my mind, and my conscience, which was not yet come to the pitch of hardness which it has been since, reproached me with the contempt of advice and the breach of my duty to God and my father.

此后近一年间,我虽仍固执地对一切安身立业的提议充耳不闻,并常与父母争辩,怨他们坚阻我天性的倾向,却未立即出走。但一日在赫尔--我本是无意前往,并无当时逃遁之念--恰逢一位伙伴乘其父的船由海路前往伦敦,并以水手惯用的诱惑劝我同行,即航程无需我分文。我未再与父母商议,甚至未捎去只言片语;任他们自行得知,既不求上帝赐福,也不请父亲祝福,不顾境况后果,于1651年9月1日那个不祥的时辰--天知道--登上一艘驶往伦敦的船。我相信,从未有年轻冒险者的厄运如我这般早启又久续。船刚驶出亨伯河,风浪便骤起,骇人至极;我初涉海洋,身感无以言喻的晕眩,心恐万分。此刻我才痛悔所为,自觉离家弃责的悖逆遭天谴实属应当;父母的一切良言、父亲的泪与母亲的恳求,此刻鲜活跃入脑海,我那尚未如后来般硬化的良心,谴责我藐视忠告、背弃对上帝与父亲的责任。

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obstinately /ˈɒb.stɪ.nət.li/
adv. 固执地,顽固地
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elopement /ɪˈləʊp.mənt/
n. 私奔
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allurement /əˈlʊə.mənt/
n. 诱惑,吸引力
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inexpressibly /ˌɪn.ɪkˈspres.ə.bli/
adv. 难以形容地,无法表达地
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overtaken /ˌəʊ.vəˈteɪ.kən/
v. (past participle)突然降临;超过
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abandoning /əˈbæn.dən.ɪŋ/
v. (gerund)抛弃,放弃
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breach /briːtʃ/
n. 违反,破坏;缺口

风暴持续加剧,我从未经历的海面汹涌澎湃,虽不及日后屡见之景,亦不似数日后的场面,但足以震慑我这初出茅庐的水手。我觉每一浪头皆欲吞没我们,船每次坠入波谷,便似永难复起;在这心智煎熬中,我多次立誓,若上帝此次饶我一命,若我双脚再踏旱地,定当径直返家,永不再登船;定当听从父劝,永不再陷此般苦难。此刻我方明了他关于中等生活的见解何等英明,他一生过得何等安逸舒适,从未遭逢海上风暴或陆上烦扰;我决意如真心悔悟的浪子,归家寻父。

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tempests /ˈtem.pɪsts/
n. 暴风雨,大风暴(复数)
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prodigal /ˈprɒd.ɪ.ɡəl/
n. 浪子;挥霍者

这些明智冷静的念头在风暴期间持续,甚至过后犹存;但次日风势稍缓,海面渐平,我开始略为适应。然而那一整日我仍神情凝重,晕船未全消;至夜,天气转晴,风息浪静,迎来一个美好的黄昏;落日澄澈,翌晨日出亦然;风平浪静,阳光洒落海面,那景象我以为是有生以来所见最怡人的。

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abated /əˈbeɪ.tɪd/
v. (past tense)减弱,减退
🔊
inured /ɪˈnjʊəd/
v. (past participle)使习惯(于不愉快或困难的事物)
🔊 I had slept well in the night, and was now no more sea-sick but very cheerful, looking with wonder upon the sea that was so wrought and terrible the day before, and could be so calm and so pleasant in so little time after. And now lest my good resolutions should continue, my companion, who had indeed enticed me away, comes to me: "Well, Bob," says he, clapping me on the shoulder, "how do you do after it? I warrant you were frighted, wa'n't you, last night, when it blew but a capful of wind?" "A capful, d'you call it?" said I; "It was a terrible storm." "A storm, you fool you," replied he; "do you call that a storm? Why, it was nothing at all; give us but a good ship and sea-room, and we think nothing of such a squall of wind as that; but you're but a fresh-water sailor, Bob. Come, let us make a bowl of punch, and we'll forget all that; d'ye see what charming weather 'tis now?" To make short this sad part of my story, we went the old way of all sailors; the punch was made, and I was made drunk with it, and in that one night's wickedness I drowned all my repentance, all my reflections upon my past conduct, and all my resolutions for my future. In a word, as the sea was returned to its smoothness of surface and settled calmness by the abatement of that storm, so the hurry of my thoughts being over, my fears and apprehensions of being swallowed up by the sea being forgotten, and the current of my former desires returned, I entirely forgot the vows and promises that I made in my distress. I found indeed some intervals of reflection, and the serious thoughts did, as it were, endeavor to return again sometime; but I shook them off, and roused myself from them as it were from a distemper, and applying myself to drink and company, soon mastered the return of those fits, for so I called them, and I had in five or six days got as complete a victory over conscience as any young fellow that resolved not to be troubled with it could desire. But I was to have another trial for it still; and Providence, as in such cases generally it does, resolved to leave me entirely without excuse. For if I would not take this for a deliverance, the next was to be such a one as the worst and most hardened wretch among us would confess both the danger and the mercy.

我夜间安眠,不再晕船,转而兴致勃勃,惊异于昨日那般狂暴可怖的海面,竟能在短时间内如此平静宜人。此时,唯恐我的善念持续,那位诱我出走的伙伴前来搭话:“嘿,鲍勃,”他拍我肩道,“感觉如何?我敢说昨晚那点小风浪吓坏你了吧?” “小风浪?”我说,“那可是场可怕的风暴。” “风暴?你这傻瓜,”他答道,“那也叫风暴?嘿,根本不算什么;只要船好海阔,这种小阵风我们才不在意;可你只是个新手水手,鲍勃。来,咱们调碗潘趣酒,把这些都忘掉;瞧现在天气多好?”简言之,我们走了所有水手的老路;酒调好了,我醉倒其中,那一夜的放荡淹没了所有悔悟、对过往行为的反省以及对未来的决心。总之,随着风暴平息海面复归宁静,我纷乱的思绪亦告终,对被海吞噬的恐惧遗忘,旧日欲望的潮流回涌,我全然忘却了危难中的誓言承诺。诚然,偶有反思间歇,严肃念头似欲再度袭来;但我将其甩开,如摆脱疾患般振作自己,投身饮酒作乐,很快便克制了这些发作--我如此称之--五六日内,我便如任何不欲受良心困扰的年轻人所愿,彻底战胜了良知。但我还将面临另一考验;天意正如常在此类情形中那样,决意不给我任何推诿的余地。若我不将此视为拯救,下一次便将是我们中最顽劣冷酷的恶棍也会承认其危险与慈悲的那种。

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wrought /rɔːt/
v. (past tense & past participle of work)造成,引起;精心制作
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enticed /ɪnˈtaɪst/
v. (past tense)诱使,怂恿
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squall /skwɔːl/
n. 飑(突然的猛烈风暴,常伴有雨、雪或冰雹)
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abatement /əˈbeɪt.mənt/
n. 减弱,减少
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deliverance /dɪˈlɪv.ər.əns/
n. 解救,拯救;解脱
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Providence /ˈprɒv.ɪ.dəns/
n. 天意,天道;神的眷顾

出海第六日,我们驶入雅茅斯锚地;因风向不利且天气平静,风暴后航行甚缓。我们被迫在此下锚,因西南风持续,停留了七八日,其间许多来自纽卡斯尔的船只亦驶入同一锚地,作为公共港湾待风溯河。

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obliged /əˈblaɪdʒd/
adj. 被迫的,必须的

然而,我们在此停泊未久,本可趁潮上行,但风力过强;停泊四五日后,风势转猛。但锚地被视为良港,泊位稳固,锚具结实,船员们并不在意,毫无危险之虞,照海员惯例休息嬉戏;但第八日晨,风力增强,我们全员动手落下中桅,将一切收整紧密,以使船尽可能平稳停泊。至午时,海浪汹涌,船首入水,数次上浪,我们一度以为锚已走移;船长遂命抛下备用大锚,以致双锚在前,缆绳放至尽头。

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unconcerned /ˌʌnkənˈsɜːrnd/
adj. 不关心的,不在乎的
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apprehensive /ˌæprɪˈhensɪv/
adj. 忧虑的,担心的
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mirth /mɜːrθ/
n. 欢乐,欢笑
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veered /vɪrd/
v. 转向,改变方向
🔊 By this time it blew a terrible storm indeed, and now I began to see terror and amazement in the faces even of the seamen themselves. The master, though vigilant to the business of preserving the ship, yet as he went in and out of his cabin by me, I could hear him softly to himself say several times, "Lord be merciful to us, we shall be all lost, we shall be all undone"; and the like. During these first hurries I was stupid, lying still in my cabin, which was in the steerage, and cannot describe my temper; I could ill reassume the first penitence, which I had so apparently trampled upon, and hardened myself against; I thought the bitterness of death had been past, and that this would be nothing too, like the first. But when the master himself came by me, as I said just now, and said we should be all lost, I was dreadfully frighted; I got up out of my cabin, and looked out but such a dismal sight I never saw: the sea went mountains high, and broke upon us every three or four minutes; when I could look about, I could see nothing but distress round us. Two ships that rid near us we found had cut their masts by the board, being deep loaden; and our men cried out that a ship which rid about a mile ahead of us was foundered. Two more ships being driven from their anchors, were run out of the roads to sea at all adventures, and that with not a mast standing. The light ships fared the best, as not so much laboring in the sea; but two or three of them drove, and came close by us, running away with only their sprit-sail out before the wind.

此时风暴确已骇人,我见连水手们面上亦露惊惧。船长虽警惕护船,但进出舱房经我身旁时,我听见他低声自语数次:“主啊,怜悯我们吧,我们要全完了,我们要全毁了”之类。在这最初的慌乱中,我呆若木鸡,静卧在舵舱旁的舱内,无法描述心绪;我难以重拾那已被公然践踏并硬心对抗的初悔;我以为死之苦涩已过,此次亦将如初次般无碍。但当船长本人如我刚才所言经我身旁,说我们将全数葬身时,我惊恐万分;起身出舱外望,所见景象惨淡空前:海浪如山高,每三四分钟便扑向我们;环顾四周,唯见周遭危难。近处两艘重载船已砍倒桅杆;我们的水手喊叫前方约一英里处一艘船已沉没。另两艘船被吹离锚位,冒险漂向大海,桅杆尽失。轻载船况最佳,因在海上颠簸较轻;但其中两三艘随风漂流,仅张斜桅帆,擦我们而过。

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vigilant /ˈvɪdʒɪlənt/
adj. 警惕的,警觉的
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penitence /ˈpenɪtəns/
n. 悔罪,忏悔
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trampled /ˈtræmpld/
v. 践踏,踩踏
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dismal /ˈdɪzməl/
adj. 阴郁的,凄凉的
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distress /dɪˈstres/
n. 痛苦,危难
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foundered /ˈfaʊndərd/
v. 沉没,失败

近傍晚时,大副与水手长恳求船长砍断前桅,他起初极不情愿。但水手长坚称若不如此船将沉没,他方同意;前桅砍断后,主桅松动摇晃船身过甚,他们只得一并砍去,清理甲板。

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consented /kənˈsentɪd/
v. 同意,准许
🔊 Any one may judge what a condition I must be in all this, who was but a young sailor, and who had been in such a fright before at but a little. But if I can express at this distance the thoughts I had about me at that time, I was in tenfold more horror of mind upon account of my former convictions, and then having returned from them to the resolutions I had wickedly taken at first, than I was at death itself; and these, added to the terror of the storm, put me into such a condition that I can by no words describe it. But the worst was not come yet; the storm continued with such fury that the seamen themselves acknowledged they had never known a worse. We had a good ship, but she was deep loaden, and wallowed in the sea, that the seamen every now and then cried out she would founder. It was my advantage in one respect, that I did not know what they meant by founder till I inquired. However, the storm was so violent that I saw what is not often seen, the master, the boatswain, and some others more sensible than the rest, at their prayers, and expecting every moment when the ship would go to the bottom. In the middle of the night, and under all the rest of our distresses, one of the men that had been down on purpose to see, cried out we had sprung a leak; another said there was four foot water in the hold. Then all hands were called to the pump. At that very word my heart, as I thought, died within me, and I fell backwards upon the side of my bed where I sat, into the cabin. However, the men aroused me, and told me that I, that was able to do nothing before, was as well able to pump as another; at which I stirred up and went to the pump and worked very heartily. While this was doing, the master seeing some light colliers, who, not able to ride out the storm, were obliged to slip and run away to sea, and would come near us, ordered to fire a gun as a signal of distress. I, who knew nothing what that meant, was so surprised that I thought the ship had broke, or some dreadful thing had happened. In a word, I was so surprised that I fell down in a swoon. As this was a time when everybody had his own life to think of, nobody minded me, or what was become of me; but another man stepped up to the pump, and thrusting me aside with his foot, let me lie, thinking I had been dead; and it was a great while before I came to myself.

任何人皆可想象我这初涉海洋、此前仅遇小风浪便吓破胆的人,此时是何等境况。但若我能遥述当时心绪,则因先前觉悟后又回返最初邪恶决心,心中恐惧十倍于死亡本身;加之风暴之怖,使我陷入无法言喻的境地。然而最糟的尚未到来;风暴狂烈如故,水手们自承从未遇此更劣者。我们的船虽佳,但载重过深,在海中颠簸,水手们不时呼喝船将沉没。我有一利,即初不知“沉没”何意,待询问方晓。但风暴猛烈,我见船长、水手长及其他较明智者皆在祈祷,时刻待船沉没--此景不常见。夜半时分,在万般危难中,一名专程下舱查看的水手喊叫船身漏水;另一人说底舱已有四英尺积水。随即全员唤至水泵处。闻此词,我心如死灰,向后倒卧床边入舱。然而水手们唤醒我,说我这先前无能之辈,此刻泵水与他人无异;我遂振作前往水泵奋力工作。此时,船长见几艘轻型运煤船因不堪风暴,被迫滑脱锚位漂向大海,且将靠近我们,遂命开炮求救。我懵然不知其意,惊以为船体破裂或大祸临头,简言之,我惊厥倒地。值此人自危之际,无人顾我或我之死活;另一人上前泵水,以脚将我拨开,任我躺卧,以为我已死;许久我方苏醒。

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tenfold /ˈtenfoʊld/
adj./adv. 十倍的,十倍地
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convictions /kənˈvɪkʃənz/
n. 信念,定罪
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wickedly /ˈwɪkɪdli/
adv. 邪恶地,恶意地
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acknowledged /əkˈnɑːlɪdʒd/
v. 承认,认可
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wallowed /ˈwɑːloʊd/
v. 翻滚,沉溺
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sprung a leak /sprʌŋ ə liːk/
phrase. 出现漏水
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aroused /əˈraʊzd/
v. 唤醒,激起
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heartily /ˈhɑːrtɪli/
adv. 尽情地,热忱地
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swoon /swuːn/
n./v. 昏厥,晕倒

我们继续工作,但底舱水增,船显将沉,虽风暴略减,然船难撑至入港,故船长续发炮求救;一艘恰在我们前方挺过风暴的轻船,冒险放小艇来援。小艇历尽艰险靠近,但我们无法登艇,艇亦难近船侧,直至水手们奋力划桨,冒死相救,我方人员从船尾抛下系浮标的绳索,放出甚长,他们历经劳险抓住,我们将其拉至船尾下,全员登上小艇。登艇后,欲回其船已无望,故一致任其漂流,仅尽力划向海岸,船长许诺若艇靠岸损毁,必向其船主赔偿;于是我们半划半漂,艇向西北偏斜近岸,几乎至温特顿角。

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abate /əˈbeɪt/
v. 减轻,减弱
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utmost /ˈʌtmoʊst/
adj. 极度的,最大的
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hazard /ˈhæzərd/
n. 危险,风险
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ventured /ˈventʃərd/
v. 冒险,敢于
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hauled /hɔːld/
v. 拖,拉

我们离船不过一刻钟,便见其沉没,我方首次明晓“船沉大海”之意。我须承认,水手告我船沉时,我几无目敢仰视;因自那时起,他们更像是将我塞入艇中,而非我自愿登入;我心如死,半因惊恐,半因心智骇惧及思及前路茫茫。

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foundering /ˈfaʊndərɪŋ/
v. (指船) 沉没,下沉
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acknowledge /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/
v. 承认
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fright /fraɪt/
n. 惊吓,恐惧

在此境中,众人仍奋力划桨近岸,当我们乘浪升起可见海岸时,见许多人沿岸奔来待我们近时施援。但我们靠岸甚缓,直至过了温特顿灯塔,海岸向西折向克罗默,陆地稍阻风势,方得登陆。虽历经万难,我们终安全上岸,随后步行至雅茅斯;作为不幸者,我们深受镇长安置佳所之仁厚待遇,亦得船主与商人厚待,获赠足资前往伦敦或返回赫尔之款项,任我们自择。

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humanity /hjuːˈmænəti/
n. 人性,人道
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magistrates /ˈmædʒɪstreɪts/
n. 地方法官,治安官
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assigned /əˈsaɪnd/
v. 分配,指派
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quarters /ˈkwɔːrtərz/
n. 住处,营房
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sufficient /səˈfɪʃənt/
adj. 足够的,充分的

若我此时有智返赫尔归家,本可幸福,且我父,如蒙福救主比喻之象征,甚至会为我宰杀肥牛犊;因闻我所乘之船在雅茅斯锚地失事,他许久未确知我是否溺亡。

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emblem /ˈembləm/
n. 象征,徽章
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parable /ˈpærəbl/
n. 寓言,比喻
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assurance /əˈʃʊrəns/
n. 保证,确信

但我的厄运以无可抗拒的顽固推我前行;虽多次受理性与冷静判断力呼唤归家,我却无力为之。我不知何以名此,亦不坚称是某种秘而不宣的天命驱使我们成为自我毁灭的工具,即便其就在眼前,我们仍睁眼冲去。无疑,唯有某些注定的无可避之苦难临头,且我无法逃脱,方能推我逆最隐退思绪的冷静理劝,逆初次尝试中所遇的两次显明警示而行。

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obstinacy /ˈɑːbstɪnəsi/
n. 固执,顽固
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composed /kəmˈpoʊzd/
adj. 镇静的,沉着的
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overruling /ˌoʊvərˈruːlɪŋ/
adj. 支配的,压倒一切的
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decree /dɪˈkriː/
n. 法令,判决
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destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃn/
n. 破坏,毁灭
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unavoidable /ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbl/
adj. 不可避免的
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misery /ˈmɪzəri/
n. 痛苦,悲惨
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persuasions /pərˈsweɪʒənz/
n. 说服,劝说
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retired /rɪˈtaɪərd/
adj. 隐居的,退休的
🔊 My comrade, who had helped to harden me before, and who was the master's son, was now less forward than I. The first time he spoke to me after we were at Yarmouth, which was not till two or three days, for we were separated in the town to several quarters - I say, the first time he was me, it appeared his tone was altered, and looking very melancholy and shaking his head, asked me how I did, and telling his father who I was, and how I had came this voyage only for a trial in order to go farther abroad, his father turning to me with a very grave and concerned tone, "Young man," says he, "you ought never to go to sea any more, you ought to take this for a plain and visible token, that you are not to be a seafaring man." "Why, sir," said I, "will you go to sea no more?" "That is another case," said he; "it is my calling, and therefore my duty; but as you made this voyage for a trial, you see what a task Heaven has given you of what you are to expect if you persist; perhaps this is all befallen us on your account, like Jonah in the ship of Tarshish. Pray," continues he, "what are you? and on what account did you go to sea?" Upon that I told him some of my story, at the end of which he burst out with a strange kind of passion. "What had I done," says he, "that such an unhappy wretch should come into my ship? I would not set my foot in the same ship with thee again for a thousand pounds." This, indeed, was, as I said, an excursion of his spirits, which were got agitated by the sense of his loss, and was farther than he could have authority to go. However, he afterwards talked very gravely to me, exhorted me to go back to my father, and not tempt Providence to my ruin; told me I might see a visible hand of Heaven against me. "And, young man," said he, "depend upon it, if you do not go back, wherever you go you will meet with nothing but disasters and disappointments, till your father's words are fulfilled upon you."

我那曾助我硬心的伙伴,即船长之子,此时反不如我积极。我们到雅茅斯后,因分宿城中各处,两三日未见--我是说,他首次见我时,语气已变,神色忧郁摇头,问我安好,并向他父亲介绍我,言我此次航行为试炼以便远行。其父转身对我肃然关切道:“年轻人,”他说,“你绝不应再出海,你当视此为一目了然的征兆,即你非航海之材。” “为何,先生,”我说,“您自己不再出海了吗?” “那是另一回事,”他答,“此乃我天职,故为我责任;但你此行既为试炼,可见天意予你何等任务,若你执意,将有何待;或许这一切皆因你而起,如他施船上的约拿。请问,”他续道,“你是何人?因何出海?”我遂略述己事,言毕他突爆奇怒。“我造何孽,”他说,“竟让这等不幸之徒登我船?纵有千金,我亦不愿再与你同船。”诚然,如我所言,此乃他因损失而激愤失态,言过其实。但他随后严词劝我,力促我归家,勿以天意试我毁灭;告我可见天意显赫与我为敌。“年轻人,”他说,“听我一言,若你不归,无论何往,唯遇灾祸失望,直至你父之言应验于你。”

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comrade /ˈkɑːmræd/
n. 同志,战友
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melancholy /ˈmelənkɑːli/
adj. 忧郁的,悲伤的
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calling /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/
n. 职业,使命感
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befallen /bɪˈfɔːlən/
v. 发生在…身上,降临
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excursion /ɪkˈskɜːrʒn/
n. 偏离,短途旅行
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agitated /ˈædʒɪteɪtɪd/
adj. 激动的,焦虑的
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exhorted /ɪɡˈzɔːrtɪd/
v. 劝诫,敦促
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tempt /tempt/
v. 引诱,诱惑
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disasters /dɪˈzæstərz/
n. 灾难,灾祸
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disappointments /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənts/
n. 失望,挫折
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fulfilled /fʊlˈfɪld/
v. 实现,履行

我们旋即分别;因我几无回应,亦未再见他;其去向,我不知。至于我,怀揣些许钱款,陆行至伦敦;途中及在彼处,内心屡经挣扎,思虑当择何人生路,归家抑或出海。

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parted /ˈpɑːtɪd/
v. 分离,分开
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struggles /ˈstrʌɡlz/
n. 斗争,挣扎(复数)

谈及归家,羞耻感阻挠了涌上心头的良愿;我立即想到将如何遭邻里讥笑,不仅羞见父母,甚且羞见众人;由此我常察人类通性--尤以青年为甚--在此类事上何其矛盾无理,即:他们不以犯罪为耻,反以悔悟为羞;不以当被视为愚行之为耻,反以回头--唯此能使其被视为智者--为羞。

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occurred /əˈkɜːrd/
v. 发生,想起
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incongruous /ɪnˈkɑːŋɡruəs/
adj. 不协调的,不一致的
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irrational /ɪˈræʃənl/
adj. 不理性的,荒谬的
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esteemed /ɪˈstiːmd/
adj. 受尊敬的

然在此生活状态中,我徘徊了些时日,未定行止与人生方向。一股不可抗的嫌恶阻我归家;随着时日稍驻,所历苦难的记忆渐褪,随之那微弱的归意亦消,直至我全然搁置此念,寻机再度出海。

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irresistible /ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbl/
adj. 不可抗拒的,极具吸引力的
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reluctance /rɪˈlʌktəns/
n. 不情愿,勉强
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wore off /wɔːr ɒf/
phrase. 逐渐消失,磨损
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