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Chapter twenty-eight: Ahab (第二十八章:亚哈)

探索《白鲸记》第28章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细的雅思词汇解析以及英文原文音频。边听边提升阅读技巧。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

离开楠塔基特后的数日里,甲板之上始终不见亚哈船长的踪影。几位大副按时轮值守望,从表面看去,他们俨然是这艘船唯一的指挥者;只是他们不时从舱室里突然发出专断的命令,终究让人明白他们不过是在代为执掌。是的,那位至高无上的君王与独裁者就在那里,只是迄今为止,未被允许进入那现已奉若神明的舱室圣所者,无一人能得见其真容。

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vicariously /vaɪˈkeə.ri.əs.li/
adv. 间接地;代理地;设身处地地
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hitherto /ˌhɪð.əˈtuː/
adv. 迄今;到目前为止
🔊 Every time I ascended to the deck from my watches below, I instantly gazed aft to mark if any strange face were visible; for my first vague disquietude touching the unknown captain, now in the seclusion of the sea, became almost a perturbation. This was strangely heightened at times by the ragged Elijahs diabolical incoherences uninvitedly recurring to me, with a subtle energy I could not have before conceived of. But poorly could I withstand them, much as in other moods I was almost ready to smile at the solemn whimsicalities of that outlandish prophet of the wharves. But whatever it was of apprehensiveness or uneasiness-to call it so-which I felt, yet whenever I came to look about me in the ship, it seemed against all warrantry to cherish such emotions. For though the harpooneers, with the great body of the crew, were a far more barbaric, heathenish, and motley set than any of the tame merchant-ship companies which my previous experiences had made me acquainted with, still I ascribed this-and rightly ascribed it-to the fierce uniqueness of the very nature of that wild Scandinavian vocation in which I had so abandonedly embarked. But it was especially the aspect of the three chief officers of the ship, the mates, which was most forcibly calculated to allay these colorless misgivings, and induce confidence and cheerfulness in every presentment of the voyage. Three better, more likely sea-officers and men, each in his own different way, could not readily be found, and they were every one of them Americans; a Nantucketer, a Vineyarder, a Cape man. Now, it being Christmas when the ship shot from out her harbor, for a space we had biting Polar weather, though all the time running away from it to the southward; and by every degree and minute of latitude which we sailed, gradually leaving that merciless winter, and all its intolerable weather behind us. It was one of those less lowering, but still grey and gloomy enough mornings of the transition, when with a fair wind the ship was rushing through the water with a vindictive sort of leaping and melancholy rapidity, that as I mounted to the deck at the call of the forenoon watch, so soon as I levelled my glance towards the taffrail, foreboding shivers ran over me. Reality outran apprehension; Captain Ahab stood upon his quarter-deck.

每当我值完班从底舱登上甲板,总是立刻将目光投向船尾,察看是否有陌生的面孔出现;因为我最初对这位未知船长那朦胧的不安,如今在海洋的隔绝中,几乎已演变成一种烦扰。这种情绪,又不时被那衣衫褴褛的以利亚恶魔般的呓语古怪地加重,那些话不请自来地浮上心头,带着一种我此前无法想象的诡谲力量。我实在难以抵挡,尽管在别种心境下,我几乎要嘲笑那位码头古怪先知那番煞有介事的奇谈怪论。然而,无论我心中这所谓忧惧或不安是何种滋味,每当我环顾船上的情形,似乎都找不到任何理由来滋长此种情绪。因为,诚然,标枪手连同大部分船员,远比我以往经历中所熟识的任何温驯商船队都更野蛮、更异教、更驳杂,但我将此--并且正确地--归因于我所投身的那种狂野斯堪的纳维亚行当本身的凶猛特性。但尤其能强力驱散这些无端疑虑,并在航程的每一刻唤起信心与愉悦的,乃是船上三位高级官员--即大副们--的神采。要寻得三位比他们更出色、更干练的海员,且各自秉性迥异,并非易事,而他们全都是美国人:一个楠塔基特人,一个葡萄园岛民,一个科德角人。当时,船冲出港口正值圣诞节,我们遭遇了一段刺骨的极地天气,尽管一直在向南航行以逃离它;随着航程每一分纬度的推移,我们渐次将那无情的严冬及其所有难耐的天气抛在身后。那是一个天色不甚阴沉、却仍灰暗阴郁的过渡期的早晨,顺风顺水,船儿挟着怨毒的跳跃与忧郁的疾驰破浪前行。当我应午前值班的召唤登上甲板,目光甫一投向船尾栏杆,一阵不祥的寒颤便掠过我全身。现实超出了预感;亚哈船长正伫立在他的后甲板上。

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ascended /əˈsend.ɪd/
v. (past tense). 上升;登上
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disquietude /dɪsˈkwaɪ.ə.tjuːd/
n. 不安;焦虑
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perturbation /ˌpɜː.təˈbeɪ.ʃən/
n. 烦乱;不安;扰动
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barbaric /bɑːˈbær.ɪk/
adj. 野蛮的;粗野的
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heathenish /ˈhiː.ðən.ɪʃ/
adj. 异教的;不信教的;野蛮的
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motley /ˈmɒt.li/
adj. 混杂的;五颜六色的;由各色人等组成的
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uniqueness /juːˈniːk.nəs/
n. 独特性;独一无二
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vocation /vəʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/
n. 天职;职业;使命感
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abandonedly /əˈbæn.dən.dli/
adv. 放纵地;肆意地;不顾一切地
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allay /əˈleɪ/
v. 减轻,缓解(担忧、恐惧等)
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misgivings /ˌmɪsˈɡɪv.ɪŋz/
n. (pl.). 疑虑,担忧
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foreboding /fɔːˈbəʊ.dɪŋ/
n. 预感,(尤指不祥的)预兆
🔊 There seemed no sign of common bodily illness about him, nor of the recovery from any. He looked like a man cut away from the stake, when the fire has overrunningly wasted all the limbs without consuming them, or taking away one particle from their compacted aged robustness. His whole high, broad form, seemed made of solid bronze, and shaped in an unalterable mould, like Cellinis cast Perseus. Threading its way out from among his grey hairs, and continuing right down one side of his tawny scorched face and neck, till it disappeared in his clothing, you saw a slender rod-like mark, lividly whitish. It resembled that perpendicular seam sometimes made in the straight, lofty trunk of a great tree, when the upper lightning tearingly darts down it, and without wrenching a single twig, peels and grooves out the bark from top to bottom, ere running off into the soil, leaving the tree still greenly alive, but branded. Whether that mark was born with him, or whether it was the scar left by some desperate wound, no one could certainly say. By some tacit consent, throughout the voyage little or no allusion was made to it, especially by the mates. But once Tashtegos senior, an old Gay-Head Indian among the crew, superstitiously asserted that not till he was full forty years old did Ahab become that way branded, and then it came upon him, not in the fury of any mortal fray, but in an elemental strife at sea. Yet, this wild hint seemed inferentially negatived, by what a grey Manxman insinuated, an old sepulchral man, who, having never before sailed out of Nantucket, had never ere this laid eye upon wild Ahab. Nevertheless, the old sea-traditions, the immemorial credulities, popularly invested this old Manxman with preternatural powers of discernment. So that no white sailor seriously contradicted him when he said that if ever Captain Ahab should be tranquilly laid out-which might hardly come to pass, so he muttered-then, whoever should do that last office for the dead, would find a birth-mark on him from crown to sole.

他身上不见寻常疾病的迹象,亦无大病初愈的模样。他看起来像一个从火刑柱上被割下来的人,火焰蔓延,烧尽了所有肢体,却未曾将其吞噬,也未曾减损它们那历经风霜、致密强健的一分一毫。他整个高大宽阔的身躯,仿佛由坚实的青铜铸就,塑在一个不可更改的模具里,恰似切利尼铸造的珀尔修斯。一道细长的、棍棒状的青灰惨白印记,从他的灰发间蜿蜒而出,径直沿着他黄褐焦灼的脸庞和脖颈一侧向下延伸,直至消失在衣物中。它宛如一株笔直参天巨树树干上,有时被上层闪电撕裂般劈出的垂直裂缝,没有折断一根细枝,却将树皮从顶至底剥开、刻出沟槽,然后窜入土中,留下那棵树依然青翠活着,却已被打上烙印。这印记是与生俱来,还是某次殊死创伤留下的疤痕,无人能确切断言。凭着某种心照不宣的默契,整个航程中几乎无人提及此事,大副们尤甚。但有一次,塔斯蒂哥的长辈,船员中一位老盖海德印第安人,迷信地断言,亚哈是在年满四十岁后才被打上那烙印的,而且那烙印并非源于任何凡人激战的狂怒,而是来自一次海上元素间的搏斗。然而,这一荒诞的暗示,似乎被一位灰白头发的马恩岛人含沙射影地否定了;那是个坟墓般阴沉的老人,此前从未航离过楠塔基特,也从未亲眼见过狂野的亚哈。尽管如此,古老的海上传奇与代代相传的轻信,普遍赋予了这位老马恩岛人以超常的洞察力。因此,当他说,倘若有一天亚哈船长被安详地陈殓--他咕哝着,这事怕难发生--那么,无论谁为死者行那最后的仪式,都会发现他从头到脚有一个胎记时,没有一个白人水手认真反驳他。

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overrunningly /ˌəʊ.vəˈrʌn.ɪŋ.li/
adv. 泛滥地;蔓延地;超出限度地
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robustness /rəʊˈbʌst.nəs/
n. 健壮;结实;坚固
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unalterable /ʌnˈɔːl.tər.ə.bəl/
adj. 不可改变的;坚定不移的
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mould /məʊld/
n. 模具;铸模;类型
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tawny /ˈtɔː.ni/
adj. 黄褐色的,茶色的
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scorched /skɔːtʃt/
adj. 烧焦的;烤焦的
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lividly /ˈlɪv.ɪd.li/
adv. 青灰色地;乌青色地;怒气冲冲地
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perpendicular /ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lər/
adj. 垂直的;成直角的
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wrenching /ˈren.tʃɪŋ/
v. (gerund). 猛扭;使痛苦
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peels /piːlz/
v. (3rd person singular present). 剥落;剥皮
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grooves /ɡruːvz/
v. (3rd person singular present). 开槽;形成沟槽
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tacit /ˈtæs.ɪt/
adj. 心照不宣的;默示的
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allusion /əˈluː.ʒən/
n. 暗示;间接提及;典故
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superstitiously /ˌsuː.pəˈstɪʃ.əs.li/
adv. 迷信地
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elemental /ˌel.ɪˈmen.təl/
adj. 自然力的;基本的;强大的
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inferentially /ˌɪn.fərˈen.ʃəl.i/
adv. 推理地;推论地
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negatived /ˈneɡ.ə.tɪvd/
v. (past tense, archaic). 否定;抵消
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insinuated /ɪnˈsɪn.ju.eɪ.tɪd/
v. (past tense). 暗示;旁敲侧击地说
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sepulchral /səˈpʌl.krəl/
adj. 坟墓的;阴森森的;阴沉的
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immemorial /ˌɪm.ɪˈmɔː.ri.əl/
adj. 古老的,远古的;无法追忆的
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credulities /krəˈdʒuː.lə.tiz/
n. (pl.). 轻信,易受骗
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preternatural /ˌpriː.təˈnætʃ.ər.əl/
adj. 超自然的;异常的;非凡的
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discernment /dɪˈsɜːn.mənt/
n. 识别力;洞察力;眼力
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contradicted /ˌkɒn.trəˈdɪk.tɪd/
v. (past tense). 反驳;与…矛盾
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tranquilly /ˈtræŋ.kwɪl.li/
adv. 平静地;安静地
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muttered /ˈmʌt.əd/
v. (past tense). 咕哝;嘀咕

亚哈那整个森然的面容,以及划过面容的那道青白烙印,如此强烈地攫住了我,以致在最初片刻,我几乎未曾留意到,这份逼人的森然之气,多半要归因于那条他用以支撑身体的蛮野白腿。我先前已知,这条象牙腿是在海上用打磨光润的抹香鲸颚骨制成的。“唉,他在日本附近被砍断了桅杆,”老盖海德印第安人有一次说道;“但就像他那断了桅的船,他直接在海上另立了一根,根本不用回港去取。他有一整袋的备用腿哩。”

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streaked /striːkt/
v. (past tense). 在…上留下条纹;疾驰;飞奔
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overbearing /ˌəʊ.vəˈbeə.rɪŋ/
adj. 专横的;傲慢的;盛气凌人的

他保持的那种独特姿态令我震撼。在裴廓德号后甲板的两侧,紧挨着后桅支索处,各钻有一个深入船板约半英寸的孔洞。他的骨腿便稳稳插在那孔中;一只手臂高举,握住一根支索;亚哈船长巍然屹立,目光直射向船首那永远起伏颠簸的前方。那凝望的目光坚定无畏、执着向前,蕴含着一种无穷的坚毅,一种决绝而不可屈服的顽强意志。他一言不发;他的官员们也默不作声;尽管从他们最细微的举止神情中,分明流露出一种不安的,甚或痛苦的意识,觉察到自己正被一双躁动的主人之眼注视着。不仅如此,忧郁而饱受创伤的亚哈站在他们面前,脸上带着一种受难的神情,沉浸于某种巨大悲恸所带来的、难以名状的王者般的威严与专断之中。

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singular /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lər/
adj. 非凡的;奇特的;单一的
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auger /ˈɔː.ɡər/
n. 螺旋钻;钻孔机
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shroud /ʃraʊd/
n. (船的)支桅索;裹尸布;遮蔽物
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infinity /ɪnˈfɪn.ə.ti/
n. 无限;无穷;无穷大
🔊
fortitude /ˈfɔː.tɪ.tʃuːd/
n. 坚韧;刚毅
🔊
determinate /dɪˈtɜː.mɪ.nət/
adj. 确定的;明确的;坚决的
🔊
unsurrenderable /ˌʌn.səˈren.dər.ə.bəl/
adj. 不可放弃的;不屈服的
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wilfulness /ˈwɪl.fəl.nəs/
n. 任性;固执
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crucifixion /ˌkruː.sɪˈfɪk.ʃən/
n. 钉死在十字架上;耶稣受难像;极大的痛苦
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regal /ˈriː.ɡəl/
adj. 帝王的;庄严的;华丽的
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woe /wəʊ/
n. 悲痛;灾难;苦恼

不久,他在甲板上初次露面之后,便退回了舱室。但从那天早晨起,他每日都出现在船员眼前;要么站在他那窟窿里,要么坐在他的象牙凳上;要么沉重地在甲板上踱步。随着天色渐褪阴沉,甚至开始变得煦暖宜人,他也越发不再离群索居;仿佛当初船从家乡起航时,唯有海上那死寂冬日的荒凉,才迫使他如此幽居。渐渐地,他几乎终日待在甲板上了;然而,就目前而言,尽管他在这终于洒满阳光的甲板上或言或行,他在那里似乎不过多了一根桅杆。但裴廓德号此刻只是在航渡途中,并非正式巡弋;几乎所有需要监督的捕鲸准备工作,大副们都完全能够胜任,因此,眼下除了他自身之外,几乎没有什么能占用或激发亚哈的了;从而,在那段间歇里,驱散那一层层堆积在他眉宇间的乌云--正如乌云总爱选择最高的山峰来堆积自身。

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genial /ˈdʒiː.ni.əl/
adj. 友好的;亲切的;温和的(指气候)
🔊
recluse /rɪˈkluːs/
n. 隐士;隐居者
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bleakness /ˈbliːk.nəs/
n. 荒凉;阴冷;暗淡
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secluded /sɪˈkluː.dɪd/
adj. 与世隔绝的;僻静的

然而不久之后,我们遇到的宜人假日天气那种温暖、婉转低语般的温存,似乎渐渐将他从阴郁中引诱出来。因为,正如面颊红润、舞姿翩翩的少女--四月与五月--踏上归途,回到那冬日厌世的森林;即便最光秃、最嶙峋、最遭雷劈的老橡树,也至少会萌发几簇新绿,以迎接这些欢欣的访客;亚哈最终也稍稍回应了那少女般空气的嬉戏诱引。不止一次,他脸上绽出浅淡的、花苞般的神情,若在旁人,那神情很快就会绽放为一抹微笑。

🔊
warbling /ˈwɔː.blɪŋ/
adj. / v. (gerund). (鸟)啭鸣的;用颤音唱的
🔊
persuasiveness /pəˈsweɪ.sɪv.nəs/
n. 说服力
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misanthropic /ˌmɪs.ənˈθrɒp.ɪk/
adj. 厌恶人类的;愤世嫉俗的
🔊
allurings /əˈlʊə.rɪŋz/
n. (pl.). 诱惑;魅力
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