Reading Theme:
Foundation: Definition, Usage & Key Examples (2 meaning)
Meaning 1：base or core (foundation)
foundation
/faʊnˈdeɪʃn/
n.
The most important part that something is built upon, like the start of an idea or the main reason for an organization.
base or core
➕
/beɪs ɔː kɔːr/
n.
Refers to the fundamental and supporting element upon which a system, theory, or organization is built.
📘 Details & Usage
📖 Root Explanation
From Latin 'fundare' (to lay the bottom), via Old French 'fondation'.
💡 Mnemonic
A FOUNDATION is what a house is FOUND AT ION (on).
📖 Example
A healthy diet is the foundation of a good life.
It emphasizes that good nutrition is fundamental for a fulfilling life.
🔗 Collocations
lay the foundation for something – Establish the necessary basis for a future development.
build on a solid foundation – Develop something from a reliable and strong starting point.
shake the foundations – Weaken or challenge the core principles of something.
🔄 Synonyms
basis (n.) – The underlying support or starting point for an idea or argument.
cornerstone (n.) – An important quality or feature on which a particular thing depends or is based.
bedrock (n.) – The fundamental principles or solid foundation on which something is based.
🚫 Antonyms
superstructure (n.) – The part of a building above its foundation; metaphorically, ideas or institutions built upon a base.
apex (n.) – The top or highest point of something, opposite of the base.
🌱 Derivatives
found (v.) – To establish or create an organization, institution, or city.
founder (n.) – A person who establishes an institution, organization, or settlement.
foundational (adj.) – Relating to or serving as a foundation; fundamental.
📖 Cultural Story
Originates from Latin 'fundus' (bottom/base). In English culture, it's commonly used for charitable organizations (e.g., the British Heart Foundation).
Meaning 2：structural base (foundation)
foundation
/faʊnˈdeɪʃn/
n.
The solid base of a building, usually made of concrete under the ground, that holds up the structure.
structural base
➕
/ˈstrʌktʃərəl beɪs/
n.
Refers to the concrete or stone substructure, usually below ground level, that supports the weight of a building.
📘 Details & Usage
📖 Example
Before building the house, they spent a month pouring a strong concrete foundation.
This describes the initial, crucial construction phase of creating a solid underground base.
🔗 Collocations
concrete foundation – A foundation made of poured concrete, common in modern construction.
reinforced foundation – A foundation strengthened with steel bars to increase its load-bearing capacity.
foundation stone – A stone laid at a ceremony to mark the start of a building's construction.
🔄 Synonyms
base (n.) – The lowest part or edge of something, especially the part on which it rests.
footing (n.) – A secure grip with one's feet; in construction, the prepared ground or base for a wall or column.
substructure (n.) – An underlying or supporting structure.
🚫 Antonyms
superstructure (n.) – The part of a building constructed above its foundation or basement.
roof (n.) – The structure forming the upper covering of a building.
🌱 Derivatives
foundation stone (n.) – A stone laid at a ceremony to mark the founding of a building.
foundationless (adj.) – Lacking a foundation; without basis.
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